AI Readiness Assessment
https://www.westminster.ac.uk/
Assessed2026-09-16
Reference0916/WES/02
IndustryEducation
Regulated · ListedYesA UK accredited academic institution, regulated by the UK's statutory education authorities. · No
Scale189 / 790
Foundations assessed now · the automated tests
Your Digital Doorway
PeopleAI systems
AI readiness · Pages
32.7%
AI readiness · PDFs
0.0%
Misinformation · Pages
Extremely likely
Misinformation · PDFs
Likely
0%25%50%75%100%
Governancestage 2 · not assessed yet...more
64 judgements need a named person in the organisation to confirm, because they turn on what you know to be true rather than anything measurement can settle: whether a claim is supported, whether a page is still current, which of two versions is the one to quote. In order, they cover: who is answerable for this content; is it still true today; can each claim be backed; does our published content agree; will the right meaning come across; can someone reach it and act on it. An answer recorded against each, with a name and a date, is what turns published content into governed content.
Visibilitystage 3 · not assessed yet...more
Once the foundations are sound and the content is governed, the visibility stage measures how AI systems and agents actually find the estate: which pages they reach, how often, and how the organisation is represented when they answer questions about it, tracked over time. Building visibility on unconfirmed foundations only amplifies whatever is wrong, which is why it comes last.
Key findings · AI readiness
How much of your content is reachable and readable, rather than blocked, buried or missing. Higher is better.
Impact of being closed to AI.AI readiness is very low. Your buyers increasingly ask their questions through AI, and this door gives those systems nothing. Answers about you are still given, built from other people's material, and your own words play no part in them.
What is holding it back
- The links shown as unreachable are the site refusing our checker, not dead pages: westminster.ac.uk refused our checker part way through the assessment. For an ordinary visitor they stay live.Note
- Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from.14 pages
- AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. The organisation drops out of AI answers without anyone having decided that.14 pages
- The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion.12 pages
- A document the site links to cannot be opened at all, so whatever it held plays no part in any answer, and nobody can check what it said. The broken link itself reads as a site not being looked after.4 documents
- People can open these documents but AI systems are refused them, so what the documents actually say never reaches the systems answering questions about the organisation. Anything said about their contents is guesswork.2 documents
Key findings · Misinformation
Where your content could lead an AI system to state something incorrect. Only direct routes to a wrong answer count here.
Misinformation is extremely likely.The pages read as extremely likely and the documents as likely to cause it, and the position is set by the worse of the two.
What could cause it
- Westminster.ac.uk refused our checker part way through the assessment. The effect on an AI is real all the same: served only part of the content and refused the rest, it may state something wrong.Note
- The same page exists at several different addresses, so mentions, links and credibility split across the copies instead of building up behind one. Which copy gets quoted is out of the organisation's hands.pages
- Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from.pages
- Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly.pages
- A document the site links to cannot be opened at all, so whatever it held plays no part in any answer, and nobody can check what it said. The broken link itself reads as a site not being looked after.documents
▸What makes up these figures door, site, pages and documents · click to view
The front doorClosed to OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, Microsoft and 4 others, who answer people's questions. Closed to 9 services that gather material for future answers: OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, Common Crawl and 5 others.
The site as a whole8.5%Blocking at the front door, Broken internal links hold the whole estate back.
Your pages32.7%What your pages say comes back usable, evenly across them.
Your documents0.0%4 of them do not open at all, so they count for nothing.
▸Digital doorway measured at the front door · click to view
Anyone asking for this site, a person on a phone or an AI system building an answer, is let in, turned away, or left with no answer, in milliseconds, by machinery most organisations never see. An AI system that gets nothing here reads nothing at all: to that system the organisation simply does not answer.
People
4 out of 4 served
AI systems
22 out of 22 turned away
The proof behind this picture
29 live agents were first set up and readied for this assessment. 26 were sent to this door: 4 people and 22 AI systems, in the order shown on the chart; the other 3 stood ready as backup, to be called in depending on how the door answered. Of those sent, 24 made one timed call each, in their own name, asking for the same page. The 2 desktop browsers made a full visit, exactly as a person at a computer would. Nothing here is simulated: these are real calls to the live site, recorded as they happened, and each line below carries the moment it happened. Alongside them, two further readings were taken at the door: the site's security certificate, and its published rules for crawlers.
Called from54.171.52.206
The door, atwww.westminster.ac.uk · 104.18.25.99
Started2026-09-16 15:38:33 UTC
Finished2026-09-16 15:39:10 UTC
| Visitor | When | What happened | Answer | Took | Sent | Received | Answered from |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| People | |||||||
| iPhone user | 15:38:33.949 | ✓ served | 429 | 74 ms | 255 B | 7.4 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Android user | 15:38:33.949 | ✓ served | 429 | 61 ms | 237 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Safari on a Mac | 15:39:06.835 | ✓ served | 200 | 903 ms | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Chrome on a PC | 15:39:09.604 | ✓ served | 200 | 454 ms | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| AI systems | |||||||
| GPTBot · OpenAI | 15:38:33.685 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 75 ms | 222 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| OAI-SearchBot · OpenAI | 15:38:33.685 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 68 ms | 337 B | 7.7 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| ChatGPT-User · OpenAI | 15:38:33.685 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 67 ms | 225 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| ClaudeBot · Anthropic | 15:38:33.685 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 79 ms | 185 B | 7.2 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Claude-SearchBot · Anthropic | 15:38:33.686 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 84 ms | 275 B | 7.5 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Claude-User · Anthropic | 15:38:33.686 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 69 ms | 227 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Googlebot (Gemini) | 15:38:33.753 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 64 ms | 299 B | 7.6 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| GoogleOther | 15:38:33.754 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 71 ms | 226 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Bingbot (Copilot) · Microsoft | 15:38:33.755 | ✗ turned away | 403 | 60 ms | 298 B | 4.9 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| PerplexityBot | 15:38:33.761 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 66 ms | 277 B | 7.5 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Perplexity-User | 15:38:33.766 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 58 ms | 243 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| CCBot · Common Crawl | 15:38:33.770 | ✗ turned away | 403 | 61 ms | 160 B | 4.9 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Bytespider · ByteDance | 15:38:33.816 | ✗ turned away | 403 | 60 ms | 268 B | 4.9 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Amazonbot | 15:38:33.818 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 60 ms | 228 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| GrokBot · xAI | 15:38:33.825 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 62 ms | 172 B | 7.2 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Meta-ExternalAgent | 15:38:33.826 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 68 ms | 209 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Meta-WebIndexer | 15:38:33.827 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 62 ms | 249 B | 7.5 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Meta-ExternalFetcher | 15:38:33.833 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 64 ms | 211 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| Applebot | 15:38:33.876 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 58 ms | 325 B | 7.6 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| MistralAI-Training | 15:38:33.879 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 57 ms | 239 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| MistralAI-Index | 15:38:33.887 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 60 ms | 274 B | 7.5 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
| MistralAI-User | 15:38:33.890 | ✗ turned away | 429 | 58 ms | 235 B | 7.3 KB | 104.18.25.99 |
The desktop browsers are run in full rather than as a single call, so one figure for the information moved does not apply to them; their outcome and timing are shown.
What this shows
All 4 people were served. This door challenges plain calls, whichever name they carry: a person's browser runs the challenge and is served, which the two real browser engines proved, and a phone's browser does the same. An automated reader cannot complete a challenge made for a browser, which is why the AI callers stand refused while people get through. 0 of the 22 AI systems were served and 22 were turned away. The visitors fall into two groups, and each is judged on its own. 0 of the 13 services that answer people's questions were let in, and OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, Microsoft, Perplexity and 3 others were turned away. 0 of the 9 services that gather material for future answers were let in, and OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, Common Crawl, ByteDance and 4 others were turned away. Where a service arrived carrying a question, it typed the organisation's own name, “University of Westminster”, into the search box in the site's page header. A door of this kind decides call by call. This record is what happened at this door, at this time, from this address; it can answer differently at another time, which is why the time and the address are part of the record.
How this stands up
These calls can be repeated on request while you watch. A separate checking tool, kept apart from the assessment engine so the two cannot share a mistake, knocks on the same door several times over and records whether the answers hold still; each of its checks is saved with the date, the time and the calling address.
Whether the estate can be reached and read at all: access rules, links, redirects, sitemap, transport.
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS04 | fail | 1 of 120 crawled URLs returned an error status (not found, or a server error) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Addresses that answered with an error, not found or gone or a server failure, during the visit. What good looks like The addresses visited answer successfully, without error, not-found or server-failure statuses. Why it matters Pages that answer with an error are simply missing from what AI systems know about the organisation. Whatever those pages were meant to say plays no part in any answer. What we found on this page 1 of 120 crawled URLs returned an error status (not found, or a server error) The evidence, taken from the page as served Each crawled URL that returned an error status
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the addresses visited answer successfully, without error, not-found or server-failure statuses. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | 22 of 22 AI services are turned away before they reach the site, while an ordinary visitor is let in, so none of the content is open to them however well the pages are built. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page 22 of 22 AI services are turned away before they reach the site, while an ordinary visitor is let in, so none of the content is open to them however well the pages are built. The evidence, taken from the page as served Each crawler's own request to the entry page, and the status it received
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. It also sets a ceiling on that figure: while this stands, the item cannot read as more ready than 25%, however well it is built elsewhere. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS16 | fail | 1 URL group(s) are reachable under more than one form (case, trailing slash, or query variants) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page served at several addresses, varying by capitals, slashes or query strings. What good looks like Each page is served at a single address, not several varying by capitals, slashes or query strings. Why it matters The same page exists at several different addresses, so mentions, links and credibility split across the copies instead of building up behind one. Which copy gets quoted is out of the organisation's hands. What we found on this page 1 URL group(s) are reachable under more than one form (case, trailing slash, or query variants) The evidence, taken from the page as served The URLs that serve the same page under more than one form
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: each page is served at a single address, not several varying by capitals, slashes or query strings. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS08 | fail | SEVERE: 75% of the links to the site's own pages fail for an AI reader. 30 are AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. That is 30 of the 40 checked, which stand for the 283 links to the site's own pages across the pages checked | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The share of links to the site's own pages, from a sample, whose targets do not resolve. What good looks like The site's own links open, leading to live pages. Where one no longer does, the page either carries the point in its own words or stops presenting a route that does not open. Why it matters The site's own links lead to pages that no longer answer, so material the organisation still publishes cannot be reached by following them and drops out of what gets found. What we found on this page SEVERE: 75% of the links to the site's own pages fail for an AI reader. 30 are AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. That is 30 of the 40 checked, which stand for the 283 links to the site's own pages across the pages checked The evidence, taken from the page as served The internal links checked, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning. Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the site's own links open, leading to live pages. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. It also sets a ceiling on that figure: while this stands, the item cannot read as more ready than 60%, however well it is built elsewhere. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS12 | fail | 11% of the links to sources on other sites fail for an AI reader. 2 are AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. That is 2 of the 19 checked, which stand for the 49 links to other sites across the pages checked | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The share of links pointing off the site, from a sample, whose targets no longer resolve. What good looks like Sources the page relies on open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact in its own words, shows the reference without making it a link, or points somewhere that answers. A refusal by another site is still this site's to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Why it matters Links this site offers as evidence cannot be reached by AI systems, so its claims stand unsupported in their answers. Some links are dead, the address answering that the page is not there; others open for a person but refuse automated callers, and for an AI the two are the same closed door. What we found on this page 11% of the links to sources on other sites fail for an AI reader. 2 are AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. That is 2 of the 19 checked, which stand for the 49 links to other sites across the pages checked The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: sources the page relies on open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AR26 | warning | an automated browser (the way AI systems open a page to read its final content) was served an access-denied notice instead of the page on 1 of 10 sampled pages, so their fully-loaded content could not be assessed. A person browsing normally is served the page; the refusal is aimed at automated visits. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page still loads when opened by an automated browser, the way AI systems open a page, rather than by a person. What good looks like An automated browser is served the same page a person sees, not an access-denied notice. Why it matters AI systems open a page the way a browser does; when the site turns those automated visits away with a refusal notice, the page's full content never reaches them, while a person browsing normally notices nothing. What we found on this page an automated browser (the way AI systems open a page to read its final content) was served an access-denied notice instead of the page on 1 of 10 sampled pages, so their fully-loaded content could not be assessed. A person browsing normally is served the page; the refusal is aimed at automated visits. The evidence, taken from the page as served Each sampled page: what a plain fetch was served, and what the automated browser was served
The refusal is served by Cloudflare, the security service standing in front of the site: the refusal page carries Cloudflare's own markers. Each refusal carries a unique Cloudflare incident reference, quoted per page below; the site's operators can look these up in their own Cloudflare logs.
The refusal page itself, exactly as served to the automated browser
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US" dir="ltr"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta http-equiv="content-security-policy" content="default-src 'none'; script-src 'nonce-P5s9ioawjzYupL4pzfW6BT' 'unsafe-eval' https://challenges.cloudflare.com; script-src-attr 'none'; style-src 'unsafe-inline'; img-src 'self' https://challenges.cloudflare.com; connect-src 'self' ht | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT07 | warning | 1 page title(s) are used on more than one page: “Course Search | University of Westminster”; the pages are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Any title string that is shared by more than one of the assessed pages. What good looks like Each assessed page carries its own distinct title. Why it matters Several different pages carry exactly the same name, so a system choosing which to show or quote cannot tell them apart. The wrong one is picked as easily as the right one. What we found on this page 1 page title(s) are used on more than one page: “Course Search | University of Westminster”; the pages are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The pages that share a title, grouped by the title they share
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Passing checks are omitted here; the full record is in the exports.
▸Pages considered 14 pages · click to view
The highest-priority pages, chosen from the site's own signals of importance.
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/ 33.2% Very likely 8 out of 60
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number and dates, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="Join the University of Westminster in September - A Global University with London Energy."/><link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/view-of-regent-campus-masthead.jpg?itok=bMvExdFe'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.a…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS08 | fail | 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “climate change, energy policy and sustainability event serie”; the links are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Links that share exactly the same wording on one page while pointing at different destinations. What good looks like Links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. Why it matters Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly. What we found on this page 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “climate change, energy policy and sustainability event serie”; the links are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served
<a href="/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-energy-insecurity-in-the-global-south">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: Energy (in)security in the Global South</a> <a href="/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-green-growth-degrowth-or-agrowth">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: Green growth, degrowth or agrowth?</a> Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="Join the University of Westminster in September - A Global University with London Energy."/><link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/view-of-regent-campus-masthead.jpg?itok=bMvExdFe'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.a… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/news" data-… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 3 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 3 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AJ08 | warning | focus order: 14 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. What good looks like Pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. Why it matters The keyboard jumps around the page out of sequence, so a form is worked through in an order nobody intended. What we found on this page focus order: 14 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link" tabindex="1"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> <a href="/alumni" tabindex="4">Alumni</a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> <a href="/alumni" tabindex="4">Alumni</a> <a href="/study" tabindex="4"><span>Study</span></a> <a href="/international" tabindex="4"><span>International</span></a> <a href="/research" tabindex="4"><span>Research</span></a> …and 4 more like it. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students 33.1% Very likely 9 out of 60
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries prices or figures, a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries prices or figures, a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry prices or figures, a telephone number and dates, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=rQDh-gFo'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=1PLvm8rZ'); }} @media (min-widt…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS08 | fail | 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “read more”; the links are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Links that share exactly the same wording on one page while pointing at different destinations. What good looks like Links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. Why it matters Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly. What we found on this page 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “read more”; the links are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="/current-students/studies/your-student-journey/welcome-to-westminster">Read more</a> <a class="btn btn-neutral" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299" href="/zone29" title="Zone29">Read more</a> Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT31 | warning | the page carries no description of itself in its head | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page provides a meta description, the short summary offered alongside its title. What good looks like The page provides a meta description. Why it matters The page provides no summary of itself, so the short description shown beside its name is written by whoever lists it. The organisation gives up its own say in how the page is introduced. What we found on this page the page carries no description of itself in its head The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a description tag. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=rQDh-gFo'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=1PLvm8rZ'); }} @media (min-widt… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=rQDh-gFo'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=1PLvm8rZ'); }} @media (min-widt… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-currentstudentsfooterblock" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentb25af3a7-7bbf-4a7a-95e7-9bdc71ea6f3b clearfix"><div class="footer-cs"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="footer-cs__content"><div class="footer-cs__content-links-link footer-cs__content-links-link--section">Quicklinks</div><ul class="footer-cs__content-links"><li class="footer-cs__content-links-item"><a class="footer-cs__content-links-link" href="https://learning.westminster.ac.uk">Blackboard<span class="sr-only">Login to Blackboard</span></a></li><li class="footer-cs__content-links-item"><a class="footer-cs__content-links-link" href="https://compass.westminster.ac.uk/">Compass<span class="sr-only">Login to Compass</span></a></li><li class="footer-cs__content-links-item"><a class="footer-cs__content-links-link" href="https://engage.westminster.ac.uk/">Engage - Appointments</a></li><li class="footer-cs__content-links-item"><a class="footer-cs__content-links-link" href="https://engage-employability.westminster.ac.uk/">CareerZone<span class="sr-only">Login to CareerZone</s… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS09 | warning | link wording that does not say where it leads: “read more” | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Link wording that names no destination, phrases such as click here, read more and details, and one such wording repeated across many links. What good looks like Link wording names its destination, rather than saying click here or read more. Why it matters The destination is stated nowhere on the link itself, so the choice rests entirely on the text around it. Where one wording such as click here covers many links, they read as one link repeated and nothing in their names tells them apart. What we found on this page link wording that does not say where it leads: “read more” The evidence, taken from the page as served The links whose text names no destination, as served
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="/current-students/studies/your-student-journey/welcome-to-westminster">Read more</a> <a class="btn btn-neutral" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299" href="/zone29" title="Zone29">Read more</a> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AJ08 | warning | focus order: 11 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. What good looks like Pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. Why it matters The keyboard jumps around the page out of sequence, so a form is worked through in an order nobody intended. What we found on this page focus order: 11 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link" tabindex="1"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="/" tabindex="4">University Website</a> <a href="/zone29" tabindex="4">Zone29</a> <a href="/" tabindex="4">University Website</a> <a href="/zone29" tabindex="4">Zone29</a> <a href="/current-students/studies" tabindex="4"><span>Studies</span></a> <a href="/current-students/university-life" tabindex="4"><span>University life</span></a> <a href="/current-students/employability" tabindex="4"><span>Employability</span></a> <a href="/current-students/support-and-services" tabindex="4"><span>Support and services</span></a> <a href="/current-students/guides-and-policies" tabindex="4"><span>Guides and policies</span></a> …and 1 more like it. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/news 32.3% Very likely 10 out of 59
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/news
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| Fails · 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT09 | fail | 1 skipped heading level(s) in document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Heading levels step down one at a time, rather than jumping from an H2 straight to an H5. What good looks like Heading levels step down one at a time, without jumping a level. Why it matters A skipped heading level breaks the trail that says which section a passage belongs to, so it is filed under the wrong one. What we found on this page 1 skipped heading level(s) in document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The page's heading outline, in document order (a jump in level is marked)
H1 News H3 University of Westminster expands Chris Wilkinson Scholarship for Architecture s level jumped H3 Westminster's Destinations and Experiences Research Centre hosts international r H3 Westminster partners with Global University Systems to open routes into medicine H3 University of Westminster explores men’s health, identity and social change at M H3 Westminster Centre for Gene Editors of the Future launches global ambitions with H3 Alumnus Ken Subraj invests in student success with awards and international inte H3 Student initiative helps Westminster students save money and reduce waste H3 Westminster alumnus becomes first UK recipient of Distinguished Fellow in cyber H3 University of Westminster’s Creatives Summer School welcomes Year 10 pupils to H H3 Westminster recognised for dedication to sustainability and student engagement i H3 Westminster alumna Mushtariy Madrakhimova named global finalist in British Counc H3 University of Westminster explores role of yoga in psychological therapy at rese H3 Professor Catherine Loveday speaks at key festivals to support Alzheimer's aware H3 University of Westminster celebrates success of inaugural Student Mental Health H3 University of Westminster Doctoral Researcher makes Vitae Three Minute Thesis Co H3 Westminster’s Tantawy Moussa and Abdelhafid Benamraoui contribute to Treasury Co H3 University of Westminster ranked fourth in England for social mobility in new So H3 Westminster’s Illustration BA Honours alumni artwork unveiled in Harrow followin H4 Pagination H2 We use cookies to ensure the best experience on our website. H2 We use cookies to ensure the best experience on our website. H3 Functional H3 Analytics H3 Marketing
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: heading levels step down one at a time, without jumping a level. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number and dates, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/news"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>News | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3GC3ci2WWgUt3SD…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS08 | fail | 3 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “alumni”, “international”, “research”; the links are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Links that share exactly the same wording on one page while pointing at different destinations. What good looks like Links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. Why it matters Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly. What we found on this page 3 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “alumni”, “international”, “research”; the links are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served
<a href="/alumni">Alumni</a> <a href="/alumni">Alumni</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/3621" aria-label="Alumni news" data-drupal-link-system-path="/taxonomy/term/3621">Alumni</a> <a href="/international"><span>International</span></a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/3631" aria-label="International news" data-drupal-link-system-path="/taxonomy/term/3631">International</a> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a> <a href="/research"><span>Research</span></a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/3636" aria-label="Research news" data-drupal-link-system-path="/taxonomy/term/3636">Research</a> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a> Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT31 | warning | the page carries no description of itself in its head | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page provides a meta description, the short summary offered alongside its title. What good looks like The page provides a meta description. Why it matters The page provides no summary of itself, so the short description shown beside its name is written by whoever lists it. The organisation gives up its own say in how the page is introduced. What we found on this page the page carries no description of itself in its head The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a description tag. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/news"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>News | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3GC3ci2WWgUt3SD… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/news"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>News | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3GC3ci2WWgUt3SD… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/news" data-… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AJ08 | warning | focus order: 14 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. What good looks like Pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. Why it matters The keyboard jumps around the page out of sequence, so a form is worked through in an order nobody intended. What we found on this page focus order: 14 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link" tabindex="1"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> <a href="/alumni" tabindex="4">Alumni</a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> <a href="/alumni" tabindex="4">Alumni</a> <a href="/study" tabindex="4"><span>Study</span></a> <a href="/international" tabindex="4"><span>International</span></a> <a href="/research" tabindex="4"><span>Research</span></a> …and 4 more like it. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/events 31.7% Very likely 8 out of 44
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/events
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/events"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Event categories | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS08 | fail | 3 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “alumni”, “climate change, energy policy and sustainability event serie”, “research”; the links are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Links that share exactly the same wording on one page while pointing at different destinations. What good looks like Links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. Why it matters Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly. What we found on this page 3 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “alumni”, “climate change, energy policy and sustainability event serie”, “research”; the links are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served
<a href="/alumni">Alumni</a> <a href="/alumni">Alumni</a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/5671" aria-label="Alumni events" data-drupal-link-system-path="/taxonomy/term/5671">Alumni</a> <a href="/research"><span>Research</span></a> <a href="/taxonomy/term/3891" aria-label="Research events" data-drupal-link-system-path="/taxonomy/term/3891">Research</a> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a> <a href="/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-energy-insecurity-in-the-global-south">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: Energy (in)security in the Global South</a> <a href="/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-green-growth-degrowth-or-agrowth">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: Green growth, degrowth or agrowth?</a> <a href="/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-the-changing-role-of-the-eu-in-climate-negotiations">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: The Changing Role of the EU in Climate Negotiations</a> <a href="/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-chinas-weaponisation-of-critical-mineral-supplies">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: China’s weaponisation of critical mineral supplies</a> Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT31 | warning | the page carries no description of itself in its head | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page provides a meta description, the short summary offered alongside its title. What good looks like The page provides a meta description. Why it matters The page provides no summary of itself, so the short description shown beside its name is written by whoever lists it. The organisation gives up its own say in how the page is introduced. What we found on this page the page carries no description of itself in its head The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a description tag. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/events"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Event categories | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page carries no date, so there is nothing on it saying how current its content is | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page carries no date, so there is nothing on it saying how current its content is The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page and the page's own text were read for a date. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/events"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Event categories | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/news" data-… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/study 33.2% Very likely 8 out of 60
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/study
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries opening hours and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries opening hours and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry opening hours and a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="The University of Westminster offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from our London campuses, as well as short courses and bespoke training."/><meta name="abstract" content="The University of Westminster offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from our London campuses, as well as short courses and bespoke training."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/study"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/pu…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS08 | fail | 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “find out more go to degree apprenticeships for applicants pa”; the links are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Links that share exactly the same wording on one page while pointing at different destinations. What good looks like Links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. Why it matters Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly. What we found on this page 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “find out more go to degree apprenticeships for applicants pa”; the links are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served
<a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="38e020db-96e1-4eff-83bf-ced9f10f5703" href="/study/higher-and-degree-apprenticeships-for-applicants" title="Higher and degree apprenticeships for applicants">Find out more<span class="sr-only">Go to Degree apprenti… <a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="f7f121c4-cf98-4800-853f-379715754c6a" href="/zone29/business-and-community/workforce-development/short-courses" title="Short courses">Find out more<span class="sr-only">Go to Degree apprenticeships for applicants p… Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="The University of Westminster offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from our London campuses, as well as short courses and bespoke training."/><meta name="abstract" content="The University of Westminster offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from our London campuses, as well as short courses and bespoke training."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/study"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/pu… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536" class="is-active" aria-current="page">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__cont… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AJ08 | warning | focus order: 29 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. What good looks like Pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. Why it matters The keyboard jumps around the page out of sequence, so a form is worked through in an order nobody intended. What we found on this page focus order: 29 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link" tabindex="1"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="/study" tabindex="4">Study</a> <a href="/international" tabindex="4">International</a> <a href="/research" tabindex="4">Research</a> <a href="/business-services" tabindex="4">Business services</a> <a href="/news" tabindex="4">News</a> <a href="/events" tabindex="4">Events</a> <a href="/about-us" tabindex="4">About us</a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> …and 19 more like it. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/business-services 32.9% Very likely 9 out of 61
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/business-services
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries prices or figures, a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries prices or figures, a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry prices or figures, a telephone number and dates, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="From providing tailored business solutions to creating opportunities for our students, we can work with you to deliver real impact."/><meta name="abstract" content="From providing tailored business solutions to creating opportunities for our students, we can work with you to deliver real impact."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/business-services"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/publ…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS08 | fail | 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “read more”; the links are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Links that share exactly the same wording on one page while pointing at different destinations. What good looks like Links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. Why it matters Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly. What we found on this page 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “read more”; the links are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served
<a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299" href="/zone29" title="Zone29">Read more</a> <a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="5ee48e3b-0912-4e59-bfd3-2732f2c94e5d" href="/zone29/business-and-community/student-and-graduate-talent" title="Student and graduate talent">READ MORE</a> <a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="8f2e1018-4415-4f02-868b-397e6018dfbc" href="/zone29/business-and-community/research-and-innovation" title="Research and innovation">READ MORE</a> <a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="2b523b1f-a09c-4a73-8279-29b5b4adfe44" href="/zone29/business-and-community/workforce-development" title="Workforce development">READ MORE</a> Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="From providing tailored business solutions to creating opportunities for our students, we can work with you to deliver real impact."/><meta name="abstract" content="From providing tailored business solutions to creating opportunities for our students, we can work with you to deliver real impact."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/business-services"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/publ… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591" class="is-active" aria-current="page">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__cont… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS09 | warning | link wording that does not say where it leads: “read more” | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Link wording that names no destination, phrases such as click here, read more and details, and one such wording repeated across many links. What good looks like Link wording names its destination, rather than saying click here or read more. Why it matters The destination is stated nowhere on the link itself, so the choice rests entirely on the text around it. Where one wording such as click here covers many links, they read as one link repeated and nothing in their names tells them apart. What we found on this page link wording that does not say where it leads: “read more” The evidence, taken from the page as served The links whose text names no destination, as served
<a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299" href="/zone29" title="Zone29">Read more</a> <a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="5ee48e3b-0912-4e59-bfd3-2732f2c94e5d" href="/zone29/business-and-community/student-and-graduate-talent" title="Student and graduate talent">READ MORE</a> <a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="8f2e1018-4415-4f02-868b-397e6018dfbc" href="/zone29/business-and-community/research-and-innovation" title="Research and innovation">READ MORE</a> <a class="btn btn-primary" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="2b523b1f-a09c-4a73-8279-29b5b4adfe44" href="/zone29/business-and-community/workforce-development" title="Workforce development">READ MORE</a> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AJ08 | warning | focus order: 14 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. What good looks like Pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. Why it matters The keyboard jumps around the page out of sequence, so a form is worked through in an order nobody intended. What we found on this page focus order: 14 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link" tabindex="1"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> <a href="/alumni" tabindex="4">Alumni</a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> <a href="/alumni" tabindex="4">Alumni</a> <a href="/study" tabindex="4"><span>Study</span></a> <a href="/international" tabindex="4"><span>International</span></a> <a href="/research" tabindex="4"><span>Research</span></a> …and 4 more like it. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/international 33.1% Very likely 9 out of 60
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/international
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| Fails · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT09 | fail | 1 skipped heading level(s) in document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Heading levels step down one at a time, rather than jumping from an H2 straight to an H5. What good looks like Heading levels step down one at a time, without jumping a level. Why it matters A skipped heading level breaks the trail that says which section a passage belongs to, so it is filed under the wrong one. What we found on this page 1 skipped heading level(s) in document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The page's heading outline, in document order (a jump in level is marked)
H1 International H3 Undergraduate level jumped H3 Postgraduate H2 Student life H2 Number 1 for student support H3 Your country H3 Support and services H3 Visas and advice H3 Welcome to Westminster H3 Study abroad H3 Student exchanges H2 Book a one-to-one meeting H2 Chat with our students H2 International student blog H2 Next open days H3 Undergraduate open day H3 Postgraduate online open event H2 Why Westminster? H3 London is our campus H3 Global partnerships H3 Scholarships H2 Our campuses H2 More information H2 Contact us H2 We use cookies to ensure the best experience on our website. H2 We use cookies to ensure the best experience on our website. H3 Functional H3 Analytics H3 Marketing
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: heading levels step down one at a time, without jumping a level. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries opening hours and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries opening hours and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry opening hours and a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="The University is truly international, with 19,000 students from 169 countries calling the institution home. Ranked first for international student diversity in the UK, US, Australia and New Zealand, the University is among the top 15 most international universities in the world for percentage of international students."/><meta name="abstract" content="The University is truly international, with 19,000 students from 169 countries calling the institution home. Ranked first for international student diversity in the UK, US, Australia and New Zealand, the University is among the top 15 most international universities in the world for percentage of international students."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/international"/><meta name="Generato…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT32 | warning | the page's meta description, the short summary it offers about itself, runs to 321 characters, longer than the 170 characters a listing shows, so the end of it is cut off | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The meta description's length is usable, between 50 and 170 characters. What good looks like The meta description's length is usable, long enough to say something and short enough not to be cut. Why it matters Too short says nothing and too long gets cut, so the summary field is spent without doing its job. What we found on this page the page's meta description, the short summary it offers about itself, runs to 321 characters, longer than the 170 characters a listing shows, so the end of it is cut off The evidence, taken from the page as served The page's description, as served
<meta name="description" content="The University is truly international, with 19,000 students from 169 countries calling the institution home. Ranked first for international student diversity in the UK, US, Australia and New Zealand, the University is among the top 15 most international universities in the world for pe… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="The University is truly international, with 19,000 students from 169 countries calling the institution home. Ranked first for international student diversity in the UK, US, Australia and New Zealand, the University is among the top 15 most international universities in the world for percentage of international students."/><meta name="abstract" content="The University is truly international, with 19,000 students from 169 countries calling the institution home. Ranked first for international student diversity in the UK, US, Australia and New Zealand, the University is among the top 15 most international universities in the world for percentage of international students."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/international"/><meta name="Generato… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101" class="is-active" aria-current="page">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__cont… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 3 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 3 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AJ08 | warning | focus order: 28 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. What good looks like Pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. Why it matters The keyboard jumps around the page out of sequence, so a form is worked through in an order nobody intended. What we found on this page focus order: 28 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link" tabindex="1"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="/study" tabindex="4">Study</a> <a href="/international" tabindex="4">International</a> <a href="/research" tabindex="4">Research</a> <a href="/business-services" tabindex="4">Business services</a> <a href="/news" tabindex="4">News</a> <a href="/events" tabindex="4">Events</a> <a href="/about-us" tabindex="4">About us</a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> …and 18 more like it. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/research 33.7% Very likely 8 out of 59
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/research
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| Fails · 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number and dates, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/research"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/students-library-studying.jpg?itok=CuSbM1B0'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/students-library-studying.jpg?itok=lj6TxdZ_'); }} @media (min-width: 480px) { .masthead { backgrou…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT31 | warning | the page carries no description of itself in its head | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page provides a meta description, the short summary offered alongside its title. What good looks like The page provides a meta description. Why it matters The page provides no summary of itself, so the short description shown beside its name is written by whoever lists it. The organisation gives up its own say in how the page is introduced. What we found on this page the page carries no description of itself in its head The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a description tag. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/research"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/students-library-studying.jpg?itok=CuSbM1B0'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/students-library-studying.jpg?itok=lj6TxdZ_'); }} @media (min-width: 480px) { .masthead { backgrou… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/research"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/students-library-studying.jpg?itok=CuSbM1B0'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/students-library-studying.jpg?itok=lj6TxdZ_'); }} @media (min-width: 480px) { .masthead { backgrou… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706" class="is-active" aria-current="page">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__cont… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AJ08 | warning | focus order: 27 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. What good looks like Pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. Why it matters The keyboard jumps around the page out of sequence, so a form is worked through in an order nobody intended. What we found on this page focus order: 27 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link" tabindex="1"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="/study" tabindex="4">Study</a> <a href="/international" tabindex="4">International</a> <a href="/research" tabindex="4">Research</a> <a href="/business-services" tabindex="4">Business services</a> <a href="/news" tabindex="4">News</a> <a href="/events" tabindex="4">Events</a> <a href="/about-us" tabindex="4">About us</a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> …and 17 more like it. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us 33.4% Very likely 9 out of 60
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries opening hours and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries opening hours and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry opening hours and a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=mUNqDBaz'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=TBH8QwNg'); }} @media (min-width: 480px) { .masthead { ba…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT31 | warning | the page carries no description of itself in its head | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page provides a meta description, the short summary offered alongside its title. What good looks like The page provides a meta description. Why it matters The page provides no summary of itself, so the short description shown beside its name is written by whoever lists it. The organisation gives up its own say in how the page is introduced. What we found on this page the page carries no description of itself in its head The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a description tag. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=mUNqDBaz'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=TBH8QwNg'); }} @media (min-width: 480px) { .masthead { ba… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=mUNqDBaz'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=TBH8QwNg'); }} @media (min-width: 480px) { .masthead { ba… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/news" data-… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS09 | warning | link wording that does not say where it leads: “read more” | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Link wording that names no destination, phrases such as click here, read more and details, and one such wording repeated across many links. What good looks like Link wording names its destination, rather than saying click here or read more. Why it matters The destination is stated nowhere on the link itself, so the choice rests entirely on the text around it. Where one wording such as click here covers many links, they read as one link repeated and nothing in their names tells them apart. What we found on this page link wording that does not say where it leads: “read more” The evidence, taken from the page as served The links whose text names no destination, as served
<a class="btn btn-neutral" data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299" href="/zone29" title="Zone29">Read more</a> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AJ08 | warning | focus order: 26 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. What good looks like Pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. Why it matters The keyboard jumps around the page out of sequence, so a form is worked through in an order nobody intended. What we found on this page focus order: 26 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link" tabindex="1"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="/study" tabindex="4">Study</a> <a href="/international" tabindex="4">International</a> <a href="/research" tabindex="4">Research</a> <a href="/business-services" tabindex="4">Business services</a> <a href="/news" tabindex="4">News</a> <a href="/events" tabindex="4">Events</a> <a href="/about-us" tabindex="4">About us</a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> …and 16 more like it. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/alumni 33.9% Very likely 7 out of 60
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/alumni
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries an address and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries an address and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry an address and a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="As a former student of the University of Westminster, you are part of a global community of over 180,000 alumni in over 180 countries around the world."/><meta name="abstract" content="As a former student of the University of Westminster, you are part of a global community of over 180,000 alumni in over 180 countries around the world."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us/alumni-and-supporters"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/defau…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page carries no date, so there is nothing on it saying how current its content is | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page carries no date, so there is nothing on it saying how current its content is The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page and the page's own text were read for a date. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="As a former student of the University of Westminster, you are part of a global community of over 180,000 alumni in over 180 countries around the world."/><meta name="abstract" content="As a former student of the University of Westminster, you are part of a global community of over 180,000 alumni in over 180 countries around the world."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us/alumni-and-supporters"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/defau… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/news" data-… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AJ08 | warning | focus order: 26 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. What good looks like Pressing Tab moves through the page in the order its content is written. Why it matters The keyboard jumps around the page out of sequence, so a form is worked through in an order nobody intended. What we found on this page focus order: 26 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order The evidence, taken from the page as served The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link" tabindex="1"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="/study" tabindex="4">Study</a> <a href="/international" tabindex="4">International</a> <a href="/research" tabindex="4">Research</a> <a href="/business-services" tabindex="4">Business services</a> <a href="/news" tabindex="4">News</a> <a href="/events" tabindex="4">Events</a> <a href="/about-us" tabindex="4">About us</a> <a href="https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/" tabindex="4">Staff</a> <a href="/current-students" tabindex="4">Student Hub</a> …and 16 more like it. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students/studies/your-student-journey/welcome-to-westminster 32.4% Very likely 6 out of 44
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students/studies/your-student-journey/welcome-to-westminster
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="Discover resources and events to help you prepare for your first steps as a new student."/><meta name="abstract" content="Discover resources and events to help you prepare for your first steps as a new student."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students/studies/your-student-journey/welcome-to-westminster"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/General-page-ma…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS08 | fail | 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “polylang: modern language and english communication courses”; the links are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Links that share exactly the same wording on one page while pointing at different destinations. What good looks like Links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. Why it matters Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly. What we found on this page 1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “polylang: modern language and english communication courses”; the links are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served
<a href="ttps://westminster.cloud.panopto.eu/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=f29573eb-4249-4835-87ae-b4730092611a">Polylang: Modern Language and English Communication courses for postgraduate students</a> <a href="https://westminster.cloud.panopto.eu/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=1af58612-a3f4-47ac-bfa5-b473009270a4">Polylang: Modern Language and English Communication courses for undergraduate students</a> Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="Discover resources and events to help you prepare for your first steps as a new student."/><meta name="abstract" content="Discover resources and events to help you prepare for your first steps as a new student."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students/studies/your-student-journey/welcome-to-westminster"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/General-page-ma… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-currentstudentsfooterblock" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentb25af3a7-7bbf-4a7a-95e7-9bdc71ea6f3b clearfix"><div class="footer-cs"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="footer-cs__content"><div class="footer-cs__content-links-link footer-cs__content-links-link--section">Quicklinks</div><ul class="footer-cs__content-links"><li class="footer-cs__content-links-item"><a class="footer-cs__content-links-link" href="https://learning.westminster.ac.uk">Blackboard<span class="sr-only">Login to Blackboard</span></a></li><li class="footer-cs__content-links-item"><a class="footer-cs__content-links-link" href="https://compass.westminster.ac.uk/">Compass<span class="sr-only">Login to Compass</span></a></li><li class="footer-cs__content-links-item"><a class="footer-cs__content-links-link" href="https://engage.westminster.ac.uk/">Engage - Appointments</a></li><li class="footer-cs__content-links-item"><a class="footer-cs__content-links-link" href="https://engage-employability.westminster.ac.uk/">CareerZone<span class="sr-only">Login to CareerZone</s… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 3 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 3 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us/our-university/corporate-information/policies-and-documents-a-z/website-terms-of-use 32.5% Very likely 7 out of 44
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| Fails · 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries an address and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries an address and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry an address and a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="Terms of use for the University's website."/><meta name="abstract" content="Terms of use for the University's website."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us/our-university/corporate-information/policies-and-documents-a-z/website-terms-of-use"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Website terms of use | University of Westminster, London</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_D3RYBlDJ4cIZec1E2aNJ5OMJdzVELmu…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT32 | warning | the page's meta description, the short summary it offers about itself, runs to 42 characters, too short to say what the page is about; a usable summary runs from 50 to 170 characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The meta description's length is usable, between 50 and 170 characters. What good looks like The meta description's length is usable, long enough to say something and short enough not to be cut. Why it matters Too short says nothing and too long gets cut, so the summary field is spent without doing its job. What we found on this page the page's meta description, the short summary it offers about itself, runs to 42 characters, too short to say what the page is about; a usable summary runs from 50 to 170 characters The evidence, taken from the page as served The page's description, as served
<meta name="description" content="Terms of use for the University's website."/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page carries no date, so there is nothing on it saying how current its content is | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page carries no date, so there is nothing on it saying how current its content is The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page and the page's own text were read for a date. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="description" content="Terms of use for the University's website."/><meta name="abstract" content="Terms of use for the University's website."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us/our-university/corporate-information/policies-and-documents-a-z/website-terms-of-use"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Website terms of use | University of Westminster, London</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_D3RYBlDJ4cIZec1E2aNJ5OMJdzVELmu… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the copyright line at the foot of this page carries no year, so there is nothing on the page as served to date it by | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the copyright line at the foot of this page carries no year, so there is nothing on the page as served to date it by The evidence, taken from the page as served The copyright line on this page, as served
This is the copyright line as the page serves it. It was read for a year, and carries none. s all intellectual property rights in and to the website including but not limited to all copyright in the website content and all rights in the names and logos of the University.Access to and use of the websiteMaterial contained in the website may | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search?f[0]=course_type%3A926 31.5% Very likely 8 out of 43
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search?f[0]=course_type%3A926
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Fails · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS08 | fail | 6 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “postgraduate”, “short courses”, “undergraduate accounting and business management ba honours” and 3 more; the links are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Links that share exactly the same wording on one page while pointing at different destinations. What good looks like Links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. Why it matters Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly. What we found on this page 6 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “postgraduate”, “short courses”, “undergraduate accounting and business management ba honours” and 3 more; the links are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served
<a href="/study/postgraduate"><span>Postgraduate</span></a> <a href="/course-search?f%5B0%5D=course_type%3A26&f%5B1%5D=course_type%3A926" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-facet-item-id="course-type-26" data-drupal-facet-item-value="26" data-drupal-facet-item-count="257" data-drupal-facet-filter-value="course_type:26" data-drupal-facet-widget-element-class="facets-checkbox"><span … <a href="/course-search?f[0]=course_type%3A3551">Short courses</a> <a href="/course-search?f%5B0%5D=course_type%3A926&f%5B1%5D=course_type%3A3551" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-facet-item-id="course-type-3551" data-drupal-facet-item-value="3551" data-drupal-facet-item-count="85" data-drupal-facet-filter-value="course_type:3551" data-drupal-facet-widget-element-class="facets-checkbox"… <a href="/accounting-and-finance-business-and-management-courses/2026-27/september/full-time/accounting-and-business-management-ba-honours"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listing">Accounting and… <a href="/accounting-and-finance-business-and-management-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/accounting-and-business-management-ba-honours"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listing">Accounting and… <a href="/accounting-and-finance-courses/2026-27/september/full-time/accounting-and-finance-bsc-honours"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listing">Accounting and Finance</h3> <span class="details-… <a href="/accounting-and-finance-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/accounting-and-finance-bsc-honours"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listing">Accounting and Finance</h3> <span class="details-… <a href="/art-design-and-visual-culture-film-and-television-media-and-communication-courses/2026-27/september/full-time/animation-with-foundation-ba-honours"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listi… <a href="/art-design-and-visual-culture-film-and-television-media-and-communication-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/animation-with-foundation-ba-honours"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listi… …and 2 more like it. Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT31 | warning | the page carries no description of itself in its head | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page provides a meta description, the short summary offered alongside its title. What good looks like The page provides a meta description. Why it matters The page provides no summary of itself, so the short description shown beside its name is written by whoever lists it. The organisation gives up its own say in how the page is introduced. What we found on this page the page carries no description of itself in its head The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a description tag. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2027 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2027 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/news" data-… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search?f[0]=course_type%3A26 31.5% Very likely 8 out of 43
The page https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search?f[0]=course_type%3A26
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| Fails · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS03 | fail | an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The same page loads for a browser but is refused when the request names itself as an AI service. What good looks like The page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. Those systems carry on answering questions about the organisation, from other people's material rather than its own, so the conversation about it goes on without it and nobody has decided that. What we found on this page an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork The evidence, taken from the page as served The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused
Hostwww.westminster.ac.uk · resolves to 104.18.25.99, 104.18.24.99 · a Cloudflare hostname
Address trailwww.westminster.ac.uk › www.westminster.ac.uk.cdn.cloudflare.net
Checked2026-09-16 15:38 UTC · request sent from 54.171.52.206 (our checker)
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure is a real and common route to a wrong answer for the content it affects, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT16 | fail | this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether the page states what it is, and the exact facts it carries, in a form a machine can take as given rather than work out from the wording. What good looks like The page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. A page of exact facts stating none of them is a fail; a narrative page without a block is a warning. Why it matters Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from. What we found on this page this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G…Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page states what it is in machine-readable form, and where it carries exact facts it states those too. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS08 | fail | 5 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “postgraduate advanced legal research llm start date septembe”, “postgraduate ai, data and communication ma start date septem”, “postgraduate air transport planning and management msc start” and 2 more; the links are listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Links that share exactly the same wording on one page while pointing at different destinations. What good looks like Links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. Why it matters Identical links on one page lead to different places, so which one gets followed is a coin toss. A reader or system lands on the wrong page while believing it chose correctly. What we found on this page 5 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “postgraduate advanced legal research llm start date septembe”, “postgraduate ai, data and communication ma start date septem”, “postgraduate air transport planning and management msc start” and 2 more; the links are listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served
<a href="/study/undergraduate"><span>Undergraduate</span></a> <a href="/course-search?f%5B0%5D=course_type%3A26&f%5B1%5D=course_type%3A926" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-facet-item-id="course-type-926" data-drupal-facet-item-value="926" data-drupal-facet-item-count="399" data-drupal-facet-filter-value="course_type:926" data-drupal-facet-widget-element-class="facets-checkbox"><sp… <a href="/course-search?f[0]=course_type%3A3551">Short courses</a> <a href="/course-search?f%5B0%5D=course_type%3A26&f%5B1%5D=course_type%3A3551" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-facet-item-id="course-type-3551" data-drupal-facet-item-value="3551" data-drupal-facet-item-count="85" data-drupal-facet-filter-value="course_type:3551" data-drupal-facet-widget-element-class="facets-checkbox">… <a href="/law-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/advanced-legal-research-llm"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listing">Advanced Legal Research</h3> <span class="details-pane__results-type">LLM </… <a href="/law-courses/2027-28/september/part-time-day/advanced-legal-research-llm"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listing">Advanced Legal Research</h3> <span class="details-pane__results-type">LL… <a href="/computer-science-and-engineering-data-science-and-informatics-media-and-communication-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/ai-data-and-communication-ma"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-li… <a href="/computer-science-and-engineering-data-science-and-informatics-media-and-communication-courses/2027-28/september/part-time-day-evening/ai-data-and-communication-ma"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class="h3-… <a href="/transport-and-logistics-courses/2026-27/january/block-release/air-transport-planning-and-management-msc"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listing">Air Transport Planning and Management</h… <a href="/transport-and-logistics-courses/2027-28/september/block-release/air-transport-planning-and-management-msc"><div class="details-pane"><div class="details-pane__results-header"> <span class="details-pane__results-level"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class="h3--featured-listing">Air Transport Planning and Management<… …and 2 more like it. Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: links that share the same wording lead to the same destination. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS28 | fail | one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check For a single page, the share of its links to OTHER sites, sampled, that lead nowhere. The site's own links are assessed separately. What good looks like The page's references to other sites open for any reader. Where one refuses or has gone, the page carries the fact itself, shows the reference as plain text rather than as a link, or points to a source that answers. Why it matters The outside sources this page cites as evidence cannot be reached by an AI, whether dead, the address answering that the page is not there or blocked to automated callers, so its claims rest on material an AI cannot check. In a regulated business that is the difference between an evidenced statement and a bare assertion. What we found on this page one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view The evidence, taken from the page as served The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned
A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for. The consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence. An AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the page's references to other sites open for any reader. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 15 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warnings · 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT31 | warning | the page carries no description of itself in its head | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page provides a meta description, the short summary offered alongside its title. What good looks like The page provides a meta description. Why it matters The page provides no summary of itself, so the short description shown beside its name is written by whoever lists it. The organisation gives up its own say in how the page is introduced. What we found on this page the page carries no description of itself in its head The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a description tag. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT04 | warning | the page shows the year 2027 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. What good looks like The page carries a date, ideally written into the markup rather than sitting only in the text. Why it matters An undated page gives nothing to weigh its age against, so old and new material are treated alike. What we found on this page the page shows the year 2027 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content The evidence, taken from the page as served The head of this page, as served
The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text. <head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search"/><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><link rel="icon" href="/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=uow_theme&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas"/><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CT35 | warning | the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The copyright line at the foot of the page, and the year it states. What good looks like The copyright line states the current year. Why it matters An old copyright year reads as a site nobody is looking after, and it dates the page for anything that relies on dates. Content can be treated as years older than it really is. What we found on this page the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template The evidence, taken from the page as served The foot of this page, as served
The foot of the page was read for a copyright line. <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-footercoursesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix"><div class="row"><div class="footer__buttons"><a class="btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon" href="/course-search">Find a course <span class="icon-search" aria-hidden="true"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class="nav-footer" aria-label="Footer main menu" id="block-footerleft"><div class="footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section">Main</div><ul class="footer__content-links"><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/study" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15536">Study</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/international" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13101">International</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38706">Research</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/business-services" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32591">Business services</a></li><li class="footer__content-links-item"> <a href="/news" data-… | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MS13 | warning | 2 of 2 iframes untitled | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Each embedded panel on the page carries a title saying what it contains. What good looks like Each embedded panel carries a title saying what it contains. Why it matters Content brought into the page from elsewhere, a map, a form, a video player, carries no name saying what it is. Anything reading the page sees a hole where that content sits. What we found on this page 2 of 2 iframes untitled The evidence, taken from the page as served The iframes with no title attribute, as served
<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸PDF documents 4 documents · click to view
The first documents discovered on the estate, scored separately from pages.
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/general-documents/UoW-Slavery-and-Human-Trafficking-Statement-Nov-2025.pdf 0.0% Likely 2 out of 2
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fails · 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS29 | fail | 3 of the 22 AI services asking for this document are refused while the other 19 are served, so what those services say about it comes from other people's material. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The documents load for a browser but are refused when the request names itself as an AI service, tested on the host that actually serves them (often separate from the pages). What good looks like The document host returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters People can open these documents but AI systems are refused them, so what the documents actually say never reaches the systems answering questions about the organisation. Anything said about their contents is guesswork. What we found on this page 3 of the 22 AI services asking for this document are refused while the other 19 are served, so what those services say about it comes from other people's material. The evidence, taken from the page as served Each crawler's own request to this document, and the status it received
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the document host returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PD07 | fail | the document could not be fetched: its address answers status 429 instead of the file, so the link from the site does not deliver it | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether each document the site links can actually be fetched and opened, before anything inside it is judged. What good looks like The document fetches and opens. A FAIL means it could not be fetched at all, a broken link (not found) or an address that does not deliver the file, so its readiness is measured at zero and the missing detail raises misinformation likelihood to the middle of the scale. Why it matters A document the site links to cannot be opened at all, so whatever it held plays no part in any answer, and nobody can check what it said. The broken link itself reads as a site not being looked after. What we found on this page the document could not be fetched: its address answers status 429 instead of the file, so the link from the site does not deliver it The evidence, taken from the page as served The document's address, as linked from the site
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the document fetches and opens. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/general-documents/combatting-harassment-and-sexual-misconduct.pdf 0.0% Likely 2 out of 2
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fails · 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DS29 | fail | 3 of the 22 AI services asking for this document are refused while the other 19 are served, so what those services say about it comes from other people's material. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check The documents load for a browser but are refused when the request names itself as an AI service, tested on the host that actually serves them (often separate from the pages). What good looks like The document host returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. Why it matters People can open these documents but AI systems are refused them, so what the documents actually say never reaches the systems answering questions about the organisation. Anything said about their contents is guesswork. What we found on this page 3 of the 22 AI services asking for this document are refused while the other 19 are served, so what those services say about it comes from other people's material. The evidence, taken from the page as served Each crawler's own request to this document, and the status it received
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the document host returns the same response to a named AI service as to a browser, with no edge block. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 5 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide whether content can be reached and read at all, so it carries the heaviest weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PD07 | fail | the document could not be fetched: its address answers status 429 instead of the file, so the link from the site does not deliver it | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
What we check Whether each document the site links can actually be fetched and opened, before anything inside it is judged. What good looks like The document fetches and opens. A FAIL means it could not be fetched at all, a broken link (not found) or an address that does not deliver the file, so its readiness is measured at zero and the missing detail raises misinformation likelihood to the middle of the scale. Why it matters A document the site links to cannot be opened at all, so whatever it held plays no part in any answer, and nobody can check what it said. The broken link itself reads as a site not being looked after. What we found on this page the document could not be fetched: its address answers status 429 instead of the file, so the link from the site does not deliver it The evidence, taken from the page as served The document's address, as linked from the site
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the document fetches and opens. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/general-documents/Wellcome-Trust-Sustainability-Concordat.pdf 0.0% Likely 1 out of 2
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fails · 1 | |||||||
| PD07 | fail | the document could not be fetched: its address answers status 429 instead of the file, so the link from the site does not deliver it | |||||
What we check Whether each document the site links can actually be fetched and opened, before anything inside it is judged. What good looks like The document fetches and opens. A FAIL means it could not be fetched at all, a broken link (not found) or an address that does not deliver the file, so its readiness is measured at zero and the missing detail raises misinformation likelihood to the middle of the scale. Why it matters A document the site links to cannot be opened at all, so whatever it held plays no part in any answer, and nobody can check what it said. The broken link itself reads as a site not being looked after. What we found on this page the document could not be fetched: its address answers status 429 instead of the file, so the link from the site does not deliver it The evidence, taken from the page as served The document's address, as linked from the site
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the document fetches and opens. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||
▸https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/general-documents/IT-Security-and-Use-Policy_0.pdf 0.0% Likely 1 out of 2
The document https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/general-documents/IT-Security-and-Use-Policy_0.pdf
| Check | Result | Evidence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fails · 1 | |||||||
| PD07 | fail | the document could not be fetched: its address answers status 429 instead of the file, so the link from the site does not deliver it | |||||
What we check Whether each document the site links can actually be fetched and opened, before anything inside it is judged. What good looks like The document fetches and opens. A FAIL means it could not be fetched at all, a broken link (not found) or an address that does not deliver the file, so its readiness is measured at zero and the missing detail raises misinformation likelihood to the middle of the scale. Why it matters A document the site links to cannot be opened at all, so whatever it held plays no part in any answer, and nobody can check what it said. The broken link itself reads as a site not being looked after. What we found on this page the document could not be fetched: its address answers status 429 instead of the file, so the link from the site does not deliver it The evidence, taken from the page as served The document's address, as linked from the site
Why it reads as a failure The result is set by what was measured on this item, quoted above, and not by an opinion of it. It reads as a failure because the standard was not met: the document fetches and opens. What it does to the figure This check counts toward the readiness figure for this item, at a weight of 3 out of a possible 5, because it is one of the checks that decide how cleanly content can be read once reached, so it carries a middle weight in the figure for this item. Why it moves the misinformation reading This failure could contribute to a wrong answer in some cases, so it raises the misinformation reading for this item. Where an item carries more than one such failure, the readings compound and the item moves up the scale. What this result does not say This says what was found on this item at the time of assessment, and nothing beyond it: it is not a statement about the rest of the estate, and it does not judge the quality of the content itself. | |||||||
▸How the scores work method and bands · click to view
This report is Stage 1, Foundations: each automated test the engine can run without human input, so there is a usable result at the first stage. Governance (owner-confirmed truth) and Visibility (how AI agents find the estate) are later stages and are shown greyed above.
What was assessed. 14 pages were assessed, selected from 120 reviewed using the site's own signals of importance (its navigation, homepage links, most-linked pages, sitemap, and any llms.txt file), and the first 4 PDF documents found were assessed separately. The industry in the header is classified from the site's own content. The traffic classification comes from a recognised top-sites list or a connected traffic provider; it reads NA when the domain is not connected to a traffic source.
Header identity signals. The regulated sector and listed company values are inferred from the same crawled content, and shown here so the header can stay to the answer alone. Regulated sector reads “Yes”: a uk accredited academic institution, regulated by the uk's statutory education authorities. Listed company reads “No”: not a company with publicly traded shares (uk academic domain (.ac.uk, nominet-restricted to education)).
AI readiness is the weighted share of checks that passed, reported separately for pages and for PDF documents because each is reached and corrected differently. Grade A checks decide whether content can be reached and read at all; grade B whether it is understood correctly; grade C support reliability. A measured score is scaled into a ceiling when an access gate binds it (for example the site blocking AI crawlers at its edge): content that cannot be reached is not partially ready. Scores never read exactly 25, 50, 75 or 100, because those are buckets, not measurements.
Likelihood of misinformation is a band, given as a worst case (the highest any single item or estate-wide finding reaches) and a typical position across the pages or documents. Only checks whose failure is a direct route to a wrong answer carry a band; the rest affect readiness only.
| Band | Range | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Likely zero | 0-5% | No failing misinformation-bearing checks. |
| Very little | 6-25% | Unlikely to cause wrong information. |
| Likely | 26-50% | Could contribute to wrong information in some cases. |
| Very likely | 51-75% | A real and common route to wrong information. |
| Extremely likely | 76-100% | A frequent and direct cause of wrong information. |
Of the register's 189 checks, 86 ran automatically in this Foundations stage. 64 are questions for the person accountable for the content, asked at the next stage. 32 are defined in the register and not yet built. 7 need information supplied by the organisation. Each check that did not run is listed in the exports, with its reason.
About us
Built on evidence, not assumptions.
We have been doing this for 25 years. For the last two years, we have been training AI to understand and map AI Readiness (fundamentals, governance, visibility), against our unique dataset of more than 3.7 trillion data points.
3.7
Trillion
Data points, with each result kept since the beginning: probably the largest experience and compliance dataset of its kind. Our AI is trained on factual, controlled, real-world evidence.
$106
Billion
Estimated manual effort avoided through automation. An estimate, and a conservative one: since ARTY was introduced, we have removed 95% of costs and delivered efficiency gains beyond 70x.
119
Million
Websites analysed and mapped for content fundamentals, from the outside in. AI Readiness begins by removing the human issues that undermine Value and create unnecessary Risk.
25
Years
When we started, we were labelled 'the pioneers' of website automation and checking. In 2023, we launched our first AI analysis tools.
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