{"run_id":"bfb8ab758cc7","reference":"0916/WES/02","entry":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/","mode":"benchmark","started":"2026-09-16T15:38:29.642649Z","finished":"2026-09-16T15:40:21.383516Z","replay":false,"scores":{"readiness_web":11.8,"readiness_web_cap":60,"readiness_web_cap_reason":"SEVERE: 75% of the links to the site's own pages fail for an AI reader. 30 are AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. 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Your buyers increasingly ask their questions through AI, and this door gives those systems nothing. Answers about you are still given, built from other people's material, and your own words play no part in them.","page_points":[{"check":"CT16","name":"structured data presence","consequence":"Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, leaving them only in prose means they are worked out rather than read, and that is where a wrong branch or an old price comes from.","count":14,"result":"fail","impact":42.0,"band":"material"},{"check":"DS03","name":"blocking at the front door","consequence":"AI systems are being turned away before they reach the site, and because the barrier sits outside the organisation's own systems, nobody inside can see it happening. 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For an ordinary visitor they stay live."},"misinfo_summary":{"verdict_head":"Misinformation is extremely likely.","verdict_body":"The pages read as extremely likely and the documents as likely to cause it, and the position is set by the worse of the two.","worst_band":"Extremely likely","points":[{"check":"DS16","name":"duplicate URL patterns","band":"moderate","consequence":"The same page exists at several different addresses, so mentions, links and credibility split across the copies instead of building up behind one. 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The broken link itself reads as a site not being looked after.","where":"documents"}],"density_point":null,"alerts":[{"tone":"neutral","head":null,"body":"Westminster.ac.uk refused our checker part way through the assessment. The effect on an AI is real all the same: served only part of the content and refused the rest, it may state something wrong."}]},"self_block":{"active":true,"domain":"westminster.ac.uk","blocked":30,"broken":0,"note":"westminster.ac.uk refused our checker part way through the assessment"}},"coverage":{"total":189,"executed":86,"not_automated":32,"governance":64,"rendering":0,"reference":7},"site_findings":[{"check":"DS04","result":"fail","evidence":"1 of 120 crawled URLs returned an error status (not found, or a server error)","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"links","title":"Each crawled URL that returned an error status","items":[{"url":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection","status":404,"cls":"broken"}]}},{"check":"DS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no redirect loops across the 120 crawled URLs"},{"check":"DS01","result":"pass","evidence":"robots.txt returned 200 (1596 bytes)"},{"check":"DS02","result":"pass","evidence":"no AI answer-engine crawler is disallowed in robots.txt (per-bot rules present for: none)"},{"check":"DS23","result":"pass","evidence":"the site publishes a list of its own pages, so nothing has to be found by following links alone"},{"check":"DS24","result":"pass","evidence":"parsed OK, 6 URLs"},{"check":"DS26","result":"pass","evidence":"sitemap freshness: 6 lastmod value(s), newest 2026-09-16 (0 days ago)"},{"check":"DS27","result":"pass","evidence":"the site answers securely, with no fault in the connection"},{"check":"MX14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the test request for a missing address did not complete"},{"check":"DS03","result":"fail","evidence":"22 of 22 AI services are turned away before they reach the site, while an ordinary visitor is let in, so none of the content is open to them however well the pages are built.","readiness_cap":25,"band":"material","proof":{"kind":"bots","title":"Each crawler's own request to the entry page, and the status it received","url":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/","base_ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; 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The year shown above was found in the page's own text.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><meta name=\"description\" content=\"Join the University of Westminster in September - A Global University with London Energy.\"/><link rel=\"shortlink\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/view-of-regent-campus-masthead.jpg?itok=bMvExdFe'); 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alt=\"\" on decorative images is correct and not penalised"},{"check":"MS08","result":"fail","evidence":"1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “climate change, energy policy and sustainability event serie”; the links are listed in the view","band":"moderate","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-energy-insecurity-in-the-global-south\">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: Energy (in)security in the Global South</a>","label":"\"Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustai\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-green-growth-degrowth-or-agrowth\">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: Green growth, degrowth or agrowth?</a>","label":"\"Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustai\""}]}},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 3 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"pass","evidence":"video, audio and image resources carry human-meaningful names"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. 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On pages carrying exact facts, state those facts in the block as well as in the words, and keep the two in step. On narrative pages, an identity block naming the organisation is enough.","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry prices or figures, a telephone number and dates, which is why this weighs as it does.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=rQDh-gFo'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=1PLvm8rZ'); }} @media (min-widt…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT04","result":"warning","evidence":"the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=rQDh-gFo'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/Student-Hub-masthead_FINAL-ART-100%25.jpg?itok=1PLvm8rZ'); }} @media (min-widt…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"5469 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (3403 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-currentstudentsfooterblock\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-contentb25af3a7-7bbf-4a7a-95e7-9bdc71ea6f3b clearfix\"><div class=\"footer-cs\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer-cs__content\"><div class=\"footer-cs__content-links-link footer-cs__content-links-link--section\">Quicklinks</div><ul class=\"footer-cs__content-links\"><li class=\"footer-cs__content-links-item\"><a class=\"footer-cs__content-links-link\" href=\"https://learning.westminster.ac.uk\">Blackboard<span class=\"sr-only\">Login to Blackboard</span></a></li><li class=\"footer-cs__content-links-item\"><a class=\"footer-cs__content-links-link\" href=\"https://compass.westminster.ac.uk/\">Compass<span class=\"sr-only\">Login to Compass</span></a></li><li class=\"footer-cs__content-links-item\"><a class=\"footer-cs__content-links-link\" href=\"https://engage.westminster.ac.uk/\">Engage - Appointments</a></li><li class=\"footer-cs__content-links-item\"><a class=\"footer-cs__content-links-link\" href=\"https://engage-employability.westminster.ac.uk/\">CareerZone<span class=\"sr-only\">Login to CareerZone</s…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 3403 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 4 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"pass","evidence":"all 6 images carry an alt attribute; alt=\"\" on decorative images is correct and not penalised"},{"check":"MS08","result":"fail","evidence":"1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “read more”; the links are listed in the view","band":"moderate","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served","items":[{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" href=\"/current-students/studies/your-student-journey/welcome-to-westminster\">Read more</a>","label":"\"Read more\""},{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-neutral\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299\" href=\"/zone29\" title=\"Zone29\">Read more</a>","label":"\"Read more\""}]}},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS09","result":"warning","evidence":"link wording that does not say where it leads: “read more”","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The links whose text names no destination, as served","items":[{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" href=\"/current-students/studies/your-student-journey/welcome-to-westminster\">Read more</a>","label":"\"Read more\""},{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-neutral\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299\" href=\"/zone29\" title=\"Zone29\">Read more</a>","label":"\"Read more\""}]}},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"pass","evidence":"video, audio and image resources carry human-meaningful names"},{"check":"DS28","result":"pass","evidence":"all 8 checked external links are reachable"},{"check":"AR02","result":"pass","evidence":"rendered page carries 5469 characters of content text"},{"check":"AR03","result":"pass","evidence":"the raw served HTML carries the page's content (100% of rendered vocabulary present without JavaScript)"},{"check":"AR11","result":"pass","evidence":"0% of the words a person sees are missing from the page as first delivered: the page arrives carrying 100% of the text it ends up showing"},{"check":"AR04","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR25","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR12","result":"pass","evidence":"a visitor is shown 71% of this page's words without opening anything, so what a person sees and what an AI reads are substantially the same"},{"check":"CT27","result":"pass","evidence":"no rendered-only content to attribute to scripts"},{"check":"CT28","result":"pass","evidence":"content inside expanding sections is already on the page before anything is clicked (3 control(s) tested, 0 characters added)"},{"check":"CT29","result":"pass","evidence":"the folded content is present in the page as loaded; it is only presented folded"},{"check":"MS02","result":"pass","evidence":"all 70 buttons, links and controls on the loaded page carry a name in the page's code saying what each is for"},{"check":"MS03","result":"pass","evidence":"all 6 named buttons carry a specific name"},{"check":"MS04","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's naming markup is sound: control kinds are valid, name labels point at real elements, and nothing usable is marked as hidden"},{"check":"AJ06","result":"pass","evidence":"no third-party accessibility overlay runs on the page"},{"check":"AJ08","result":"warning","evidence":"focus order: 11 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"#main-content\" class=\"visually-hidden focusable skip-link\" tabindex=\"1\"> Skip to main content </a>","label":"tabindex=1"},{"code":"<a href=\"/\" tabindex=\"4\">University Website</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/zone29\" tabindex=\"4\">Zone29</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/\" tabindex=\"4\">University Website</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/zone29\" tabindex=\"4\">Zone29</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/current-students/studies\" tabindex=\"4\"><span>Studies</span></a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/current-students/university-life\" tabindex=\"4\"><span>University life</span></a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/current-students/employability\" tabindex=\"4\"><span>Employability</span></a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/current-students/support-and-services\" tabindex=\"4\"><span>Support and services</span></a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/current-students/guides-and-policies\" tabindex=\"4\"><span>Guides and policies</span></a>","label":"tabindex=4"}],"more":1}},{"check":"DS10","result":"pass","evidence":"none of the 3 same-site script/style assets are robots-disallowed"},{"check":"MX02","result":"pass","evidence":"loaded-and-settled in 2.4s"}],"calc_log":[{"check":"DS03","weight":5,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"DS14","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX01","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX03","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX04","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS06","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS17","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS18","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT31","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"CT08","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT09","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT10","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT11","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT12","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS11","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT16","weight":3,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"CT04","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"AR01","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR13","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT35","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"CT36","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT24","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT13","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT14","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT15","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS07","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS01","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS08","weight":3,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"MS10","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS09","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"MS13","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"MS14","weight":3,"result":"unable_to_determine","value":null},{"check":"AR23","weight":3,"result":"unable_to_determine","value":null},{"check":"MS16","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS28","weight":15,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR02","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR03","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR11","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR12","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT27","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT28","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT29","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS02","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS03","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS04","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ08","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"DS10","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX02","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"misinfo","weight":null,"result":"ceiling","value":37,"note":"measured 89.5 scaled into the misinformation exposure Very likely (63%) ceiling"}],"priority":68.8,"why":{"nav":true,"llms_txt":false,"structured_data":false,"homepage_link":true,"sitemap":false,"inlinks":40,"depth":1}},{"name":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/news","kind":"page","readiness":32.3,"readiness_measured":87.4,"misinfo_pct":63,"readiness_ceiling":37,"readiness_ceiling_source":"misinformation exposure Very likely (63%)","confidence":96.4,"misinfo_band":"Very likely","misinfo_reason":"highest effective failing band: material","misinfo_drivers":[{"check":"DS03","name":"blocking at the front door","band":"material","result":"fail","evidence":"an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork","item":null},{"check":"CT09","name":"heading hierarchy","band":"moderate","result":"fail","evidence":"1 skipped heading level(s) in document order","item":null},{"check":"CT16","name":"structured data presence","band":"moderate","result":"fail","evidence":"this page carries a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them","item":null},{"check":"MS08","name":"duplicate link text, different destinations","band":"moderate","result":"fail","evidence":"3 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “alumni”, “international”, “research”; the links are listed in the view","item":null},{"check":"CT35","name":"copyright year out of date","band":"low","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","item":null},{"check":"DS28","name":"external link integrity (density)","band":"low","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","item":null}],"findings":[{"check":"DS03","result":"fail","evidence":"an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork","band":"material","proof":{"kind":"bots","title":"The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused","url":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/","base_ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","base_status":200,"items":[{"bot":"GPTBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; GPTBot/1.4; +https://openai.com/gptbot","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"OAI-SearchBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36; compatible; OAI-SearchBot/1.4; +https://openai.com/searchbot","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"ChatGPT-User","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; ChatGPT-User/1.0; +https://openai.com/bot","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"ClaudeBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Claude-SearchBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; Claude-SearchBot/1.0; +Claude-SearchBot@anthropic.com)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Claude-User","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; Claude-User/1.0; +Claude-User@anthropic.com)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Googlebot (Gemini)","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"GoogleOther","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; GoogleOther) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Bingbot (Copilot)","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; 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+https://x.ai)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Meta-ExternalAgent","ua":"meta-externalagent/1.1 (+https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters/crawler)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Meta-WebIndexer","ua":"meta-webindexer/1.1 (+https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters/web-crawlers)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Meta-ExternalFetcher","ua":"meta-externalfetcher/1.1 (+https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters/crawler)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Applebot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.4 Safari/605.1.15 (Applebot/0.1; +http://www.apple.com/go/applebot)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"MistralAI-Training","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; MistralAI-Training/1.0; +https://docs.mistral.ai/robots)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"MistralAI-Index","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; 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A short block of machine-readable detail in the page saying what the page is and what it holds: the organisation, the product, the event, the address, the hours, the price. It is separate from the words on the page and is meant to state the same things plainly enough to be taken as given.\n\nWHY IT MATTERS MORE ON SOME PAGES THAN OTHERS. Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, a telephone number, leaving them in prose means they are worked out from the wording, and that is where a wrong branch, an old price or a stale date come from. Where a page is narrative, little is lost: ordinary prose reads well, and this stands as tidiness rather than a fault.\n\nWHAT THIS DOES NOT CLAIM. This is a statement about your page, not a measurement of any answer given about you. Nothing here records an AI stating something wrong because the block was absent; what is recorded is that the facts on this page have to be inferred rather than read.\n\nWHAT TO DO. On pages carrying exact facts, state those facts in the block as well as in the words, and keep the two in step. On narrative pages, an identity block naming the organisation is enough.","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number and dates, which is why this weighs as it does.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/news\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>News | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3GC3ci2WWgUt3SD…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT04","result":"warning","evidence":"the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/news\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>News | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3GC3ci2WWgUt3SD…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"4566 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (2403 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-footercoursesearchbutton\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer__buttons\"><a class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon\" href=\"/course-search\">Find a course <span class=\"icon-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class=\"nav-footer\" aria-label=\"Footer main menu\" id=\"block-footerleft\"><div class=\"footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section\">Main</div><ul class=\"footer__content-links\"><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/study\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/15536\">Study</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/business-services\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/32591\">Business services</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/news\" data-…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 2403 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 2 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"pass","evidence":"all 18 images carry an alt attribute; alt=\"\" on decorative images is correct and not penalised"},{"check":"MS08","result":"fail","evidence":"3 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “alumni”, “international”, “research”; the links are listed in the view","band":"moderate","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"/alumni\">Alumni</a>","label":"\"Alumni\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/alumni\">Alumni</a>","label":"\"Alumni\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/taxonomy/term/3621\" aria-label=\"Alumni news\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"/taxonomy/term/3621\">Alumni</a>","label":"\"Alumni\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/international\"><span>International</span></a>","label":"\"International\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/taxonomy/term/3631\" aria-label=\"International news\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"/taxonomy/term/3631\">International</a>","label":"\"International\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a>","label":"\"International\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/research\"><span>Research</span></a>","label":"\"Research\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/taxonomy/term/3636\" aria-label=\"Research news\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"/taxonomy/term/3636\">Research</a>","label":"\"Research\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a>","label":"\"Research\""}]}},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"pass","evidence":"video, audio and image resources carry human-meaningful names"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","readiness_value":0.9,"note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.","band":"low","link_broken":0,"link_blocked":1,"link_ok":6,"proof":{"kind":"links","title":"The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned","note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.","items":[{"url":"https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/uniwestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.tiktok.com/@uniwestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/user/UniOfWestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.linkedin.com/edu/university-of-westminster-12733","status":999,"cls":"blocked"},{"url":"https://www.facebook.com/UniOfWestminster","status":400,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://weibo.com/westminsterchina","status":200,"cls":"ok"}]}},{"check":"AR02","result":"pass","evidence":"rendered page carries 4566 characters of content text"},{"check":"AR03","result":"pass","evidence":"the raw served HTML carries the page's content (100% of rendered vocabulary present without JavaScript)"},{"check":"AR11","result":"pass","evidence":"0% of the words a person sees are missing from the page as first delivered: the page arrives carrying 100% of the text it ends up showing"},{"check":"AR04","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR25","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR12","result":"pass","evidence":"a visitor is shown 78% of this page's words without opening anything, so what a person sees and what an AI reads are substantially the same"},{"check":"CT27","result":"pass","evidence":"no rendered-only content to attribute to scripts"},{"check":"CT28","result":"pass","evidence":"content inside expanding sections is already on the page before anything is clicked (2 control(s) tested, 0 characters added)"},{"check":"CT29","result":"pass","evidence":"the folded content is present in the page as loaded; it is only presented folded"},{"check":"MS02","result":"pass","evidence":"all 69 buttons, links and controls on the loaded page carry a name in the page's code saying what each is for"},{"check":"MS03","result":"pass","evidence":"all 4 named buttons carry a specific name"},{"check":"MS04","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's naming markup is sound: control kinds are valid, name labels point at real elements, and nothing usable is marked as hidden"},{"check":"AJ06","result":"pass","evidence":"no third-party accessibility overlay runs on the page"},{"check":"AJ08","result":"warning","evidence":"focus order: 14 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"#main-content\" class=\"visually-hidden focusable skip-link\" tabindex=\"1\"> Skip to main content </a>","label":"tabindex=1"},{"code":"<a href=\"https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/\" tabindex=\"4\">Staff</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a 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Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.4 Safari/605.1.15 (Applebot/0.1; +http://www.apple.com/go/applebot)","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":9,"resp_ms":48,"ttfb_ms":58,"total_ms":58,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":325,"recv":7821,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5967,"body_recv":5967,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"Applebot","control":false,"asked_for":"/search?query=University+of+Westminster","made_search":true,"search_term":"University of Westminster","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.876"},{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; MistralAI-Training/1.0; +https://docs.mistral.ai/robots)","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":8,"resp_ms":47,"ttfb_ms":56,"total_ms":57,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":239,"recv":7522,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5668,"body_recv":5668,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"MistralAI-Training","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.879"},{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; MistralAI-Index/1.0; +https://docs.mistral.ai/robots)","status":429,"tcp_ms":2,"tls_ms":10,"resp_ms":48,"ttfb_ms":60,"total_ms":60,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":274,"recv":7694,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5840,"body_recv":5840,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"MistralAI-Index","control":false,"asked_for":"/search?query=University+of+Westminster","made_search":true,"search_term":"University of Westminster","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.887"},{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; MistralAI-User/1.0; +https://docs.mistral.ai/robots)","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":9,"resp_ms":48,"ttfb_ms":58,"total_ms":58,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":235,"recv":7522,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5668,"body_recv":5668,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"MistralAI-User","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.890"}],"people":[{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 17_5 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.5 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":17,"resp_ms":56,"ttfb_ms":74,"total_ms":74,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":255,"recv":7543,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5689,"body_recv":5689,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"iPhone user","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.949"},{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 14; Pixel 8) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Mobile Safari/537.36","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":11,"resp_ms":49,"ttfb_ms":61,"total_ms":61,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":237,"recv":7500,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5646,"body_recv":5646,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"Android user","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.949"}],"registrant":"Information Services","robots":{"status":429,"challenge":true,"via":"our checker","checked_at":"2026-09-16 15:38 UTC","text":null},"browsers":[{"engine":"Safari","platform":"Mac","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.5 Safari/605.1.15","ok":true,"ms":903,"status":200,"error":null,"cert_block":false,"at":"15:39:06.835"},{"engine":"Chrome","platform":"PC","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","ok":true,"ms":454,"status":200,"error":null,"cert_block":false,"at":"15:39:09.604"}],"tls_cert":{"valid_system":true,"valid_strict":true,"error":null,"issuer":"C=GB, O=Sectigo Limited, CN=Sectigo Public Server Authentication CA OV R36","subject":"C=GB, ST=London, O=University Of Westminster, CN=www.westminster.ac.uk","not_before":"May  1 00:00:00 2026 GMT","not_after":"Nov 15 23:59:59 2026 GMT","days_left":60},"finished_at":"2026-09-16 15:39:10 UTC"}}},{"check":"DS14","result":"pass","evidence":"the address answers directly, with no redirect on the way"},{"check":"MX01","result":"pass","evidence":"the site started answering in 33ms, well within the time a reader waits"},{"check":"MX03","result":"pass","evidence":"total fetch 37ms"},{"check":"MX04","result":"pass","evidence":"the page weighs 45 KB, within the size a reader takes in whole"},{"check":"DS06","result":"pass","evidence":"no noindex directives"},{"check":"DS17","result":"pass","evidence":"the page states a preferred address for itself"},{"check":"DS18","result":"pass","evidence":"1 preferred-address tags"},{"check":"DS22","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads the links between a page's language versions"},{"check":"CT05","result":"pass","evidence":"title: \"Event categories | University of Westminster\""},{"check":"CT06","result":"pass","evidence":"title length 44 chars"},{"check":"CT31","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no description of itself in its head","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page was read for a description tag.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/events\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>Event categories | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT08","result":"pass","evidence":"29 heading tags found"},{"check":"CT09","result":"pass","evidence":"0 skipped heading level(s) in document order"},{"check":"CT10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page states its subject in a main heading"},{"check":"CT11","result":"pass","evidence":"single or no H1"},{"check":"CT12","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content, navigation, header, footer"},{"check":"MS11","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content"},{"check":"CT16","result":"fail","evidence":"this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them","band":"moderate","note":"WHAT WAS LOOKED FOR. A short block of machine-readable detail in the page saying what the page is and what it holds: the organisation, the product, the event, the address, the hours, the price. It is separate from the words on the page and is meant to state the same things plainly enough to be taken as given.\n\nWHY IT MATTERS MORE ON SOME PAGES THAN OTHERS. Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, a telephone number, leaving them in prose means they are worked out from the wording, and that is where a wrong branch, an old price or a stale date come from. Where a page is narrative, little is lost: ordinary prose reads well, and this stands as tidiness rather than a fault.\n\nWHAT THIS DOES NOT CLAIM. This is a statement about your page, not a measurement of any answer given about you. Nothing here records an AI stating something wrong because the block was absent; what is recorded is that the facts on this page have to be inferred rather than read.\n\nWHAT TO DO. On pages carrying exact facts, state those facts in the block as well as in the words, and keep the two in step. On narrative pages, an identity block naming the organisation is enough.","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/events\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>Event categories | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT04","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no date, so there is nothing on it saying how current its content is","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page and the page's own text were read for a date.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/events\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>Event categories | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G4bK3…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"4192 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (1950 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-footercoursesearchbutton\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer__buttons\"><a class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon\" href=\"/course-search\">Find a course <span class=\"icon-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class=\"nav-footer\" aria-label=\"Footer main menu\" id=\"block-footerleft\"><div class=\"footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section\">Main</div><ul class=\"footer__content-links\"><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/study\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/15536\">Study</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/business-services\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/32591\">Business services</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/news\" data-…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 1950 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 2 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"pass","evidence":"all 22 images carry an alt attribute; alt=\"\" on decorative images is correct and not penalised"},{"check":"MS08","result":"fail","evidence":"3 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “alumni”, “climate change, energy policy and sustainability event serie”, “research”; the links are listed in the view","band":"moderate","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"/alumni\">Alumni</a>","label":"\"Alumni\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/alumni\">Alumni</a>","label":"\"Alumni\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/taxonomy/term/5671\" aria-label=\"Alumni events\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"/taxonomy/term/5671\">Alumni</a>","label":"\"Alumni\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/research\"><span>Research</span></a>","label":"\"Research\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/taxonomy/term/3891\" aria-label=\"Research events\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"/taxonomy/term/3891\">Research</a>","label":"\"Research\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a>","label":"\"Research\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-energy-insecurity-in-the-global-south\">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: Energy (in)security in the Global South</a>","label":"\"Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustai\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-green-growth-degrowth-or-agrowth\">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: Green growth, degrowth or agrowth?</a>","label":"\"Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustai\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-the-changing-role-of-the-eu-in-climate-negotiations\">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: The Changing Role of the EU in Climate Negotiations</a>","label":"\"Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustai\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/events/climate-change-energy-policy-and-sustainability-event-series-chinas-weaponisation-of-critical-mineral-supplies\">Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustainability event series: China’s weaponisation of critical mineral supplies</a>","label":"\"Climate Change, Energy Policy and Sustai\""}]}},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"pass","evidence":"video, audio and image resources carry human-meaningful names"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","readiness_value":0.9,"note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. 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Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.5 Safari/605.1.15","ok":true,"ms":903,"status":200,"error":null,"cert_block":false,"at":"15:39:06.835"},{"engine":"Chrome","platform":"PC","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","ok":true,"ms":454,"status":200,"error":null,"cert_block":false,"at":"15:39:09.604"}],"tls_cert":{"valid_system":true,"valid_strict":true,"error":null,"issuer":"C=GB, O=Sectigo Limited, CN=Sectigo Public Server Authentication CA OV R36","subject":"C=GB, ST=London, O=University Of Westminster, CN=www.westminster.ac.uk","not_before":"May  1 00:00:00 2026 GMT","not_after":"Nov 15 23:59:59 2026 GMT","days_left":60},"finished_at":"2026-09-16 15:39:10 UTC"}}},{"check":"DS14","result":"pass","evidence":"the address answers directly, with no redirect on the way"},{"check":"MX01","result":"pass","evidence":"the site started answering in 24ms, well within the time a reader waits"},{"check":"MX03","result":"pass","evidence":"total fetch 28ms"},{"check":"MX04","result":"pass","evidence":"the page weighs 48 KB, within the size a reader takes in whole"},{"check":"DS06","result":"pass","evidence":"no noindex directives"},{"check":"DS17","result":"pass","evidence":"the page states a preferred address for itself"},{"check":"DS18","result":"pass","evidence":"1 preferred-address tags"},{"check":"DS22","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads the links between a page's language versions"},{"check":"CT05","result":"pass","evidence":"title: \"Study | University of Westminster, London\""},{"check":"CT06","result":"pass","evidence":"title length 41 chars"},{"check":"CT31","result":"pass","evidence":"meta description present (161 chars)"},{"check":"CT32","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's meta description runs to 161 characters, within the 50 to 170 characters a listing shows in full"},{"check":"CT08","result":"pass","evidence":"24 heading tags found"},{"check":"CT09","result":"pass","evidence":"0 skipped heading level(s) in document order"},{"check":"CT10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page states its subject in a main heading"},{"check":"CT11","result":"pass","evidence":"single or no H1"},{"check":"CT12","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content, navigation, header, footer"},{"check":"MS11","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content"},{"check":"CT16","result":"fail","evidence":"this page carries opening hours and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them","band":"moderate","note":"WHAT WAS LOOKED FOR. A short block of machine-readable detail in the page saying what the page is and what it holds: the organisation, the product, the event, the address, the hours, the price. It is separate from the words on the page and is meant to state the same things plainly enough to be taken as given.\n\nWHY IT MATTERS MORE ON SOME PAGES THAN OTHERS. Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, a telephone number, leaving them in prose means they are worked out from the wording, and that is where a wrong branch, an old price or a stale date come from. Where a page is narrative, little is lost: ordinary prose reads well, and this stands as tidiness rather than a fault.\n\nWHAT THIS DOES NOT CLAIM. This is a statement about your page, not a measurement of any answer given about you. Nothing here records an AI stating something wrong because the block was absent; what is recorded is that the facts on this page have to be inferred rather than read.\n\nWHAT TO DO. On pages carrying exact facts, state those facts in the block as well as in the words, and keep the two in step. On narrative pages, an identity block naming the organisation is enough.","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry opening hours and a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><meta name=\"description\" content=\"The University of Westminster offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from our London campuses, as well as short courses and bespoke training.\"/><meta name=\"abstract\" content=\"The University of Westminster offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from our London campuses, as well as short courses and bespoke training.\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/study\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/pu…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT04","result":"warning","evidence":"the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><meta name=\"description\" content=\"The University of Westminster offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from our London campuses, as well as short courses and bespoke training.\"/><meta name=\"abstract\" content=\"The University of Westminster offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from our London campuses, as well as short courses and bespoke training.\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/study\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/pu…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"6141 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (4202 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-footercoursesearchbutton\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer__buttons\"><a class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon\" href=\"/course-search\">Find a course <span class=\"icon-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class=\"nav-footer\" aria-label=\"Footer main menu\" id=\"block-footerleft\"><div class=\"footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section\">Main</div><ul class=\"footer__content-links\"><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/study\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/15536\" class=\"is-active\" aria-current=\"page\">Study</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/business-services\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/32591\">Business services</a></li><li class=\"footer__cont…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 4202 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 3 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"pass","evidence":"all 8 images carry an alt attribute; alt=\"\" on decorative images is correct and not penalised"},{"check":"MS08","result":"fail","evidence":"1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “find out more go to degree apprenticeships for applicants pa”; the links are listed in the view","band":"moderate","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served","items":[{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"38e020db-96e1-4eff-83bf-ced9f10f5703\" href=\"/study/higher-and-degree-apprenticeships-for-applicants\" title=\"Higher and degree apprenticeships for applicants\">Find out more<span class=\"sr-only\">Go to Degree apprenti…","label":"\"Find out more Go to Degree apprenticeshi\""},{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"f7f121c4-cf98-4800-853f-379715754c6a\" href=\"/zone29/business-and-community/workforce-development/short-courses\" title=\"Short courses\">Find out more<span class=\"sr-only\">Go to Degree apprenticeships for applicants p…","label":"\"Find out more Go to Degree apprenticeshi\""}]}},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"pass","evidence":"video, audio and image resources carry human-meaningful names"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","readiness_value":0.9,"note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.","band":"low","link_broken":0,"link_blocked":1,"link_ok":6,"proof":{"kind":"links","title":"The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned","note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. 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GrokBot/1.0; +https://x.ai)","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":14,"resp_ms":47,"ttfb_ms":62,"total_ms":62,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":172,"recv":7351,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5497,"body_recv":5497,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"GrokBot","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.825"},{"ua":"meta-externalagent/1.1 (+https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters/crawler)","status":429,"tcp_ms":2,"tls_ms":13,"resp_ms":52,"ttfb_ms":67,"total_ms":68,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":209,"recv":7458,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5604,"body_recv":5604,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"Meta-ExternalAgent","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.826"},{"ua":"meta-webindexer/1.1 (+https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters/web-crawlers)","status":429,"tcp_ms":6,"tls_ms":9,"resp_ms":47,"ttfb_ms":62,"total_ms":62,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":249,"recv":7629,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5775,"body_recv":5775,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"Meta-WebIndexer","control":false,"asked_for":"/search?query=University+of+Westminster","made_search":true,"search_term":"University of Westminster","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.827"},{"ua":"meta-externalfetcher/1.1 (+https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters/crawler)","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":12,"resp_ms":51,"ttfb_ms":64,"total_ms":64,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":211,"recv":7458,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5604,"body_recv":5604,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"Meta-ExternalFetcher","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.833"},{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.4 Safari/605.1.15 (Applebot/0.1; +http://www.apple.com/go/applebot)","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":9,"resp_ms":48,"ttfb_ms":58,"total_ms":58,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":325,"recv":7821,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5967,"body_recv":5967,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"Applebot","control":false,"asked_for":"/search?query=University+of+Westminster","made_search":true,"search_term":"University of Westminster","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.876"},{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; MistralAI-Training/1.0; +https://docs.mistral.ai/robots)","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":8,"resp_ms":47,"ttfb_ms":56,"total_ms":57,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":239,"recv":7522,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5668,"body_recv":5668,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"MistralAI-Training","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.879"},{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; MistralAI-Index/1.0; +https://docs.mistral.ai/robots)","status":429,"tcp_ms":2,"tls_ms":10,"resp_ms":48,"ttfb_ms":60,"total_ms":60,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":274,"recv":7694,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5840,"body_recv":5840,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"MistralAI-Index","control":false,"asked_for":"/search?query=University+of+Westminster","made_search":true,"search_term":"University of Westminster","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.887"},{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; MistralAI-User/1.0; +https://docs.mistral.ai/robots)","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":9,"resp_ms":48,"ttfb_ms":58,"total_ms":58,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":235,"recv":7522,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5668,"body_recv":5668,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"MistralAI-User","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.890"}],"people":[{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 17_5 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.5 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":17,"resp_ms":56,"ttfb_ms":74,"total_ms":74,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":255,"recv":7543,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5689,"body_recv":5689,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"iPhone user","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.949"},{"ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 14; Pixel 8) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Mobile Safari/537.36","status":429,"tcp_ms":1,"tls_ms":11,"resp_ms":49,"ttfb_ms":61,"total_ms":61,"tls_ver":"TLSv1.3","sent":237,"recv":7500,"server":"cloudflare","challenge":true,"noindex":true,"wall_marker":true,"cut_short":false,"promised":5646,"body_recv":5646,"stalled":false,"peer_ip":"104.18.25.99","src_ip":"172.31.11.73","attempts":1,"hops":null,"bot":"Android user","control":false,"asked_for":"/","dns_ms":1,"at":"15:38:33.949"}],"registrant":"Information Services","robots":{"status":429,"challenge":true,"via":"our checker","checked_at":"2026-09-16 15:38 UTC","text":null},"browsers":[{"engine":"Safari","platform":"Mac","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.5 Safari/605.1.15","ok":true,"ms":903,"status":200,"error":null,"cert_block":false,"at":"15:39:06.835"},{"engine":"Chrome","platform":"PC","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","ok":true,"ms":454,"status":200,"error":null,"cert_block":false,"at":"15:39:09.604"}],"tls_cert":{"valid_system":true,"valid_strict":true,"error":null,"issuer":"C=GB, O=Sectigo Limited, CN=Sectigo Public Server Authentication CA OV R36","subject":"C=GB, ST=London, O=University Of Westminster, CN=www.westminster.ac.uk","not_before":"May  1 00:00:00 2026 GMT","not_after":"Nov 15 23:59:59 2026 GMT","days_left":60},"finished_at":"2026-09-16 15:39:10 UTC"}}},{"check":"DS14","result":"pass","evidence":"the address answers directly, with no redirect on the way"},{"check":"MX01","result":"pass","evidence":"the site started answering in 32ms, well within the time a reader waits"},{"check":"MX03","result":"pass","evidence":"total fetch 36ms"},{"check":"MX04","result":"pass","evidence":"the page weighs 50 KB, within the size a reader takes in whole"},{"check":"DS06","result":"pass","evidence":"no noindex directives"},{"check":"DS17","result":"pass","evidence":"the page states a preferred address for itself"},{"check":"DS18","result":"pass","evidence":"1 preferred-address tags"},{"check":"DS22","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads the links between a page's language versions"},{"check":"CT05","result":"pass","evidence":"title: \"Business services | University of Westminster, London\""},{"check":"CT06","result":"pass","evidence":"title length 53 chars"},{"check":"CT31","result":"pass","evidence":"meta description present (131 chars)"},{"check":"CT32","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's meta description runs to 131 characters, within the 50 to 170 characters a listing shows in full"},{"check":"CT08","result":"pass","evidence":"29 heading tags found"},{"check":"CT09","result":"pass","evidence":"0 skipped heading level(s) in document order"},{"check":"CT10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page states its subject in a main heading"},{"check":"CT11","result":"pass","evidence":"single or no H1"},{"check":"CT12","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content, navigation, header, footer"},{"check":"MS11","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content"},{"check":"CT16","result":"fail","evidence":"this page carries prices or figures, a telephone number and dates, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them","band":"moderate","note":"WHAT WAS LOOKED FOR. A short block of machine-readable detail in the page saying what the page is and what it holds: the organisation, the product, the event, the address, the hours, the price. It is separate from the words on the page and is meant to state the same things plainly enough to be taken as given.\n\nWHY IT MATTERS MORE ON SOME PAGES THAN OTHERS. Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, a telephone number, leaving them in prose means they are worked out from the wording, and that is where a wrong branch, an old price or a stale date come from. Where a page is narrative, little is lost: ordinary prose reads well, and this stands as tidiness rather than a fault.\n\nWHAT THIS DOES NOT CLAIM. This is a statement about your page, not a measurement of any answer given about you. Nothing here records an AI stating something wrong because the block was absent; what is recorded is that the facts on this page have to be inferred rather than read.\n\nWHAT TO DO. On pages carrying exact facts, state those facts in the block as well as in the words, and keep the two in step. On narrative pages, an identity block naming the organisation is enough.","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry prices or figures, a telephone number and dates, which is why this weighs as it does.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><meta name=\"description\" content=\"From providing tailored business solutions to creating opportunities for our students, we can work with you to deliver real impact.\"/><meta name=\"abstract\" content=\"From providing tailored business solutions to creating opportunities for our students, we can work with you to deliver real impact.\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/business-services\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/publ…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT04","result":"warning","evidence":"the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><meta name=\"description\" content=\"From providing tailored business solutions to creating opportunities for our students, we can work with you to deliver real impact.\"/><meta name=\"abstract\" content=\"From providing tailored business solutions to creating opportunities for our students, we can work with you to deliver real impact.\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/business-services\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/publ…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"5415 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (6369 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-footercoursesearchbutton\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer__buttons\"><a class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon\" href=\"/course-search\">Find a course <span class=\"icon-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class=\"nav-footer\" aria-label=\"Footer main menu\" id=\"block-footerleft\"><div class=\"footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section\">Main</div><ul class=\"footer__content-links\"><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/study\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/15536\">Study</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/business-services\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/32591\" class=\"is-active\" aria-current=\"page\">Business services</a></li><li class=\"footer__cont…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 6369 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 2 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"pass","evidence":"all 16 images carry an alt attribute; alt=\"\" on decorative images is correct and not penalised"},{"check":"MS08","result":"fail","evidence":"1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “read more”; the links are listed in the view","band":"moderate","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served","items":[{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299\" href=\"/zone29\" title=\"Zone29\">Read more</a>","label":"\"Read more\""},{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"5ee48e3b-0912-4e59-bfd3-2732f2c94e5d\" href=\"/zone29/business-and-community/student-and-graduate-talent\" title=\"Student and graduate talent\">READ MORE</a>","label":"\"READ MORE\""},{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"8f2e1018-4415-4f02-868b-397e6018dfbc\" href=\"/zone29/business-and-community/research-and-innovation\" title=\"Research and innovation\">READ MORE</a>","label":"\"READ MORE\""},{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"2b523b1f-a09c-4a73-8279-29b5b4adfe44\" href=\"/zone29/business-and-community/workforce-development\" title=\"Workforce development\">READ MORE</a>","label":"\"READ MORE\""}]}},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS09","result":"warning","evidence":"link wording that does not say where it leads: “read more”","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The links whose text names no destination, as served","items":[{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299\" href=\"/zone29\" title=\"Zone29\">Read more</a>","label":"\"Read more\""},{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"5ee48e3b-0912-4e59-bfd3-2732f2c94e5d\" href=\"/zone29/business-and-community/student-and-graduate-talent\" title=\"Student and graduate talent\">READ MORE</a>","label":"\"READ MORE\""},{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"8f2e1018-4415-4f02-868b-397e6018dfbc\" href=\"/zone29/business-and-community/research-and-innovation\" title=\"Research and innovation\">READ MORE</a>","label":"\"READ MORE\""},{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-primary\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"2b523b1f-a09c-4a73-8279-29b5b4adfe44\" href=\"/zone29/business-and-community/workforce-development\" title=\"Workforce development\">READ MORE</a>","label":"\"READ MORE\""}]}},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"pass","evidence":"video, audio and image resources carry human-meaningful names"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","readiness_value":0.9,"note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. 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The year shown above was found in the page's own text.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/research\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/students-library-studying.jpg?itok=CuSbM1B0'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/students-library-studying.jpg?itok=lj6TxdZ_'); }} @media (min-width: 480px) { .masthead { backgrou…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"5678 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (3271 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-footercoursesearchbutton\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer__buttons\"><a class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon\" href=\"/course-search\">Find a course <span class=\"icon-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class=\"nav-footer\" aria-label=\"Footer main menu\" id=\"block-footerleft\"><div class=\"footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section\">Main</div><ul class=\"footer__content-links\"><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/study\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/15536\">Study</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\" class=\"is-active\" aria-current=\"page\">Research</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/business-services\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/32591\">Business services</a></li><li class=\"footer__cont…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 3271 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 3 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"pass","evidence":"all 9 images carry an alt attribute; alt=\"\" on decorative images is correct and not penalised"},{"check":"MS08","result":"pass","evidence":"no link wording is used for more than one destination"},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"pass","evidence":"video, audio and image resources carry human-meaningful names"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","readiness_value":0.9,"note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. 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Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. 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words a person sees are missing from the page as first delivered: the page arrives carrying 99% of the text it ends up showing"},{"check":"AR04","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR25","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR12","result":"pass","evidence":"a visitor is shown 83% of this page's words without opening anything, so what a person sees and what an AI reads are substantially the same"},{"check":"CT27","result":"pass","evidence":"no rendered-only content to attribute to scripts"},{"check":"CT28","result":"pass","evidence":"content inside expanding sections is already on the page before anything is clicked (2 control(s) tested, 0 characters added)"},{"check":"CT29","result":"pass","evidence":"the folded content is present in the page as loaded; it is only presented folded"},{"check":"MS02","result":"pass","evidence":"all 73 buttons, links and controls on the loaded page carry a name in the page's code saying what each is for"},{"check":"MS03","result":"pass","evidence":"all 4 named buttons carry a specific name"},{"check":"MS04","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's naming markup is sound: control kinds are valid, name labels point at real elements, and nothing usable is marked as hidden"},{"check":"AJ06","result":"pass","evidence":"no third-party accessibility overlay runs on the page"},{"check":"AJ08","result":"warning","evidence":"focus order: 27 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"#main-content\" class=\"visually-hidden focusable skip-link\" tabindex=\"1\"> Skip to main content </a>","label":"tabindex=1"},{"code":"<a href=\"/study\" tabindex=\"4\">Study</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/international\" 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A short block of machine-readable detail in the page saying what the page is and what it holds: the organisation, the product, the event, the address, the hours, the price. It is separate from the words on the page and is meant to state the same things plainly enough to be taken as given.\n\nWHY IT MATTERS MORE ON SOME PAGES THAN OTHERS. Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, a telephone number, leaving them in prose means they are worked out from the wording, and that is where a wrong branch, an old price or a stale date come from. Where a page is narrative, little is lost: ordinary prose reads well, and this stands as tidiness rather than a fault.\n\nWHAT THIS DOES NOT CLAIM. This is a statement about your page, not a measurement of any answer given about you. Nothing here records an AI stating something wrong because the block was absent; what is recorded is that the facts on this page have to be inferred rather than read.\n\nWHAT TO DO. On pages carrying exact facts, state those facts in the block as well as in the words, and keep the two in step. On narrative pages, an identity block naming the organisation is enough.","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry opening hours and a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=mUNqDBaz'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=TBH8QwNg'); }} @media (min-width: 480px) { .masthead { ba…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT04","result":"warning","evidence":"the page shows the year 2026 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xxs_360px_735x490px_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=mUNqDBaz'); }} @media (min-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/default/public-files/styles/mast_xs_480px_300x450_/public/masthead-courses/2016_09_KR_Freshers_Harrow-4.jpg?itok=TBH8QwNg'); }} @media (min-width: 480px) { .masthead { ba…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"6142 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (3773 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-footercoursesearchbutton\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer__buttons\"><a class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon\" href=\"/course-search\">Find a course <span class=\"icon-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class=\"nav-footer\" aria-label=\"Footer main menu\" id=\"block-footerleft\"><div class=\"footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section\">Main</div><ul class=\"footer__content-links\"><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/study\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/15536\">Study</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/business-services\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/32591\">Business services</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/news\" data-…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 3773 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 3 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"pass","evidence":"all 10 images carry an alt attribute; alt=\"\" on decorative images is correct and not penalised"},{"check":"MS08","result":"pass","evidence":"no link wording is used for more than one destination"},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS09","result":"warning","evidence":"link wording that does not say where it leads: “read more”","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The links whose text names no destination, as served","items":[{"code":"<a class=\"btn btn-neutral\" data-entity-substitution=\"canonical\" data-entity-type=\"node\" data-entity-uuid=\"a38d4cb3-0d54-4ca0-a2ff-e2b5e503c299\" href=\"/zone29\" title=\"Zone29\">Read more</a>","label":"\"Read more\""}]}},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"pass","evidence":"video, audio and image resources carry human-meaningful names"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","readiness_value":0.9,"note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.","band":"low","link_broken":0,"link_blocked":1,"link_ok":6,"proof":{"kind":"links","title":"The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned","note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.","items":[{"url":"https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/uniwestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.tiktok.com/@uniwestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/user/UniOfWestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.linkedin.com/edu/university-of-westminster-12733","status":999,"cls":"blocked"},{"url":"https://www.facebook.com/UniOfWestminster","status":400,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://weibo.com/westminsterchina","status":200,"cls":"ok"}]}},{"check":"AR02","result":"pass","evidence":"rendered page carries 6159 characters of content text"},{"check":"AR03","result":"pass","evidence":"the raw served HTML carries the page's content (100% of rendered vocabulary present without JavaScript)"},{"check":"AR11","result":"pass","evidence":"0% of the words a person sees are missing from the page as first delivered: the page arrives carrying 100% of the text it ends up showing"},{"check":"AR04","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR25","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR12","result":"pass","evidence":"a visitor is shown 84% of this page's words without opening anything, so what a person sees and what an AI reads are substantially the same"},{"check":"CT27","result":"pass","evidence":"no rendered-only content to attribute to scripts"},{"check":"CT28","result":"pass","evidence":"content inside expanding sections is already on the page before anything is clicked (2 control(s) tested, 0 characters added)"},{"check":"CT29","result":"pass","evidence":"the folded content is present in the page as loaded; it is only presented folded"},{"check":"MS02","result":"pass","evidence":"all 69 buttons, links and controls on the loaded page carry a name in the page's code saying what each is for"},{"check":"MS03","result":"pass","evidence":"all 4 named buttons carry a specific name"},{"check":"MS04","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's naming markup is sound: control kinds are valid, name labels point at real elements, and nothing usable is marked as hidden"},{"check":"AJ06","result":"pass","evidence":"no third-party accessibility overlay runs on the page"},{"check":"AJ08","result":"warning","evidence":"focus order: 26 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"#main-content\" class=\"visually-hidden focusable skip-link\" tabindex=\"1\"> Skip to main content </a>","label":"tabindex=1"},{"code":"<a href=\"/study\" tabindex=\"4\">Study</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/international\" tabindex=\"4\">International</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/research\" tabindex=\"4\">Research</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/business-services\" tabindex=\"4\">Business services</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/news\" tabindex=\"4\">News</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/events\" tabindex=\"4\">Events</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/about-us\" tabindex=\"4\">About us</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/\" tabindex=\"4\">Staff</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/current-students\" tabindex=\"4\">Student Hub</a>","label":"tabindex=4"}],"more":16}},{"check":"DS10","result":"pass","evidence":"none of the 4 same-site script/style assets are robots-disallowed"},{"check":"MX02","result":"pass","evidence":"loaded-and-settled in 2.2s"}],"calc_log":[{"check":"DS03","weight":5,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"DS14","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX01","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX03","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX04","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS06","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS17","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS18","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT31","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"CT08","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT09","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT10","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT11","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT12","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS11","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT16","weight":3,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"CT04","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"AR01","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR13","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT35","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"CT36","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT24","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT13","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT14","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT15","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS07","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS01","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS08","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS10","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS09","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"MS13","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"MS14","weight":3,"result":"unable_to_determine","value":null},{"check":"AR23","weight":3,"result":"unable_to_determine","value":null},{"check":"MS16","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS28","weight":15,"result":"fail","value":0.9},{"check":"AR02","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR03","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR11","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR12","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT27","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT28","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT29","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS02","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS03","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS04","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ08","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"DS10","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX02","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"misinfo","weight":null,"result":"ceiling","value":37,"note":"measured 90.4 scaled into the misinformation exposure Very likely (63%) ceiling"}],"priority":65.8,"why":{"nav":true,"llms_txt":false,"structured_data":false,"homepage_link":true,"sitemap":false,"inlinks":32,"depth":1}},{"name":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/alumni","kind":"page","readiness":33.9,"readiness_measured":91.6,"misinfo_pct":63,"readiness_ceiling":37,"readiness_ceiling_source":"misinformation exposure Very likely (63%)","confidence":96.4,"misinfo_band":"Very likely","misinfo_reason":"highest effective failing band: material","misinfo_drivers":[{"check":"DS03","name":"blocking at the front door","band":"material","result":"fail","evidence":"an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork","item":null},{"check":"CT16","name":"structured data presence","band":"moderate","result":"fail","evidence":"this page carries an address and a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them","item":null},{"check":"CT35","name":"copyright year out of date","band":"low","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","item":null},{"check":"DS28","name":"external link integrity (density)","band":"low","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","item":null}],"findings":[{"check":"DS03","result":"fail","evidence":"an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork","band":"material","proof":{"kind":"bots","title":"The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused","url":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/","base_ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","base_status":200,"items":[{"bot":"GPTBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; GPTBot/1.4; +https://openai.com/gptbot","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"OAI-SearchBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36; compatible; OAI-SearchBot/1.4; +https://openai.com/searchbot","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"ChatGPT-User","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; ChatGPT-User/1.0; +https://openai.com/bot","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"ClaudeBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Claude-SearchBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; Claude-SearchBot/1.0; +Claude-SearchBot@anthropic.com)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Claude-User","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; Claude-User/1.0; +Claude-User@anthropic.com)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Googlebot (Gemini)","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"GoogleOther","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; GoogleOther) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Bingbot (Copilot)","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; 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The page's own words carry an address and a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><meta name=\"description\" content=\"As a former student of the University of Westminster, you are part of a global community of over 180,000 alumni in over 180 countries around the world.\"/><meta name=\"abstract\" content=\"As a former student of the University of Westminster, you are part of a global community of over 180,000 alumni in over 180 countries around the world.\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us/alumni-and-supporters\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/defau…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT04","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no date, so there is nothing on it saying how current its content is","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page and the page's own text were read for a date.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><meta name=\"description\" content=\"As a former student of the University of Westminster, you are part of a global community of over 180,000 alumni in over 180 countries around the world.\"/><meta name=\"abstract\" content=\"As a former student of the University of Westminster, you are part of a global community of over 180,000 alumni in over 180 countries around the world.\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/about-us/alumni-and-supporters\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><style>@media (max-width: 360px) { .masthead { background-image: url('https://www.westminster.ac.uk/sites/defau…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"4897 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (2515 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-footercoursesearchbutton\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer__buttons\"><a class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon\" href=\"/course-search\">Find a course <span class=\"icon-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class=\"nav-footer\" aria-label=\"Footer main menu\" id=\"block-footerleft\"><div class=\"footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section\">Main</div><ul class=\"footer__content-links\"><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/study\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/15536\">Study</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/business-services\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/32591\">Business services</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/news\" data-…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 2515 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 2 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"pass","evidence":"all 4 images carry an alt attribute; alt=\"\" on decorative images is correct and not penalised"},{"check":"MS08","result":"pass","evidence":"no link wording is used for more than one destination"},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"pass","evidence":"video, audio and image resources carry human-meaningful names"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","readiness_value":0.9,"note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.","band":"low","link_broken":0,"link_blocked":1,"link_ok":6,"proof":{"kind":"links","title":"The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned","note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.","items":[{"url":"https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/uniwestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.tiktok.com/@uniwestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/user/UniOfWestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.linkedin.com/edu/university-of-westminster-12733","status":999,"cls":"blocked"},{"url":"https://www.facebook.com/UniOfWestminster","status":400,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://weibo.com/westminsterchina","status":200,"cls":"ok"}]}},{"check":"AR02","result":"pass","evidence":"rendered page carries 4904 characters of content text"},{"check":"AR03","result":"pass","evidence":"the raw served HTML carries the page's content (100% of rendered vocabulary present without JavaScript)"},{"check":"AR11","result":"pass","evidence":"0% of the words a person sees are missing from the page as first delivered: the page arrives carrying 100% of the text it ends up showing"},{"check":"AR04","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR25","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads a consent prompt, where a page shows one"},{"check":"AR12","result":"pass","evidence":"a visitor is shown 80% of this page's words without opening anything, so what a person sees and what an AI reads are substantially the same"},{"check":"CT27","result":"pass","evidence":"no rendered-only content to attribute to scripts"},{"check":"CT28","result":"pass","evidence":"content inside expanding sections is already on the page before anything is clicked (2 control(s) tested, 0 characters added)"},{"check":"CT29","result":"pass","evidence":"the folded content is present in the page as loaded; it is only presented folded"},{"check":"MS02","result":"pass","evidence":"all 62 buttons, links and controls on the loaded page carry a name in the page's code saying what each is for"},{"check":"MS03","result":"pass","evidence":"all 3 named buttons carry a specific name"},{"check":"MS04","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's naming markup is sound: control kinds are valid, name labels point at real elements, and nothing usable is marked as hidden"},{"check":"AJ06","result":"pass","evidence":"no third-party accessibility overlay runs on the page"},{"check":"AJ08","result":"warning","evidence":"focus order: 26 element(s) use a positive tabindex, overriding document order","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The elements with a positive tabindex, as served after rendering","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"#main-content\" class=\"visually-hidden focusable skip-link\" tabindex=\"1\"> Skip to main content </a>","label":"tabindex=1"},{"code":"<a href=\"/study\" tabindex=\"4\">Study</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/international\" tabindex=\"4\">International</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/research\" tabindex=\"4\">Research</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/business-services\" tabindex=\"4\">Business services</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/news\" tabindex=\"4\">News</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/events\" tabindex=\"4\">Events</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/about-us\" tabindex=\"4\">About us</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/\" tabindex=\"4\">Staff</a>","label":"tabindex=4"},{"code":"<a href=\"/current-students\" tabindex=\"4\">Student Hub</a>","label":"tabindex=4"}],"more":16}},{"check":"DS10","result":"pass","evidence":"none of the 4 same-site script/style assets are robots-disallowed"},{"check":"MX02","result":"pass","evidence":"loaded-and-settled in 2.2s"}],"calc_log":[{"check":"DS03","weight":5,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"DS14","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX01","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX03","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX04","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS06","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS17","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS18","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT31","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT32","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT08","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT09","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT10","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT11","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT12","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS11","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT16","weight":3,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"CT04","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"AR01","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR13","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT35","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"CT36","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT24","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT13","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT14","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT15","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS07","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS01","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS08","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS10","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS13","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"MS14","weight":3,"result":"unable_to_determine","value":null},{"check":"AR23","weight":3,"result":"unable_to_determine","value":null},{"check":"MS16","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS28","weight":15,"result":"fail","value":0.9},{"check":"AR02","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR03","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR11","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR12","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT27","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT28","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT29","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS02","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS03","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS04","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ08","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"DS10","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX02","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"misinfo","weight":null,"result":"ceiling","value":37,"note":"measured 91.6 scaled into the misinformation exposure Very likely (63%) ceiling"}],"priority":62.8,"why":{"nav":true,"llms_txt":false,"structured_data":false,"homepage_link":true,"sitemap":false,"inlinks":24,"depth":1}},{"name":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/current-students/studies/your-student-journey/welcome-to-westminster","kind":"page","readiness":32.4,"readiness_measured":87.5,"misinfo_pct":63,"readiness_ceiling":37,"readiness_ceiling_source":"misinformation exposure Very likely (63%)","confidence":95.1,"misinfo_band":"Very likely","misinfo_reason":"highest effective failing band: material","misinfo_drivers":[{"check":"DS03","name":"blocking at the front door","band":"material","result":"fail","evidence":"an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork","item":null},{"check":"CT16","name":"structured data presence","band":"moderate","result":"fail","evidence":"this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them","item":null},{"check":"MS08","name":"duplicate link text, different destinations","band":"moderate","result":"fail","evidence":"1 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “polylang: modern language and english communication courses”; the links are listed in the view","item":null},{"check":"CT35","name":"copyright year out of date","band":"low","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","item":null}],"findings":[{"check":"DS03","result":"fail","evidence":"an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork","band":"material","proof":{"kind":"bots","title":"The estate's edge tested with each AI crawler: a browser is served, the crawlers are refused","url":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/","base_ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","base_status":200,"items":[{"bot":"GPTBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; GPTBot/1.4; +https://openai.com/gptbot","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"OAI-SearchBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36; compatible; OAI-SearchBot/1.4; +https://openai.com/searchbot","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"ChatGPT-User","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; ChatGPT-User/1.0; +https://openai.com/bot","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"ClaudeBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Claude-SearchBot","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; Claude-SearchBot/1.0; +Claude-SearchBot@anthropic.com)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Claude-User","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; Claude-User/1.0; +Claude-User@anthropic.com)","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Googlebot (Gemini)","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"GoogleOther","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; GoogleOther) Chrome/125.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","status":429,"blocked":true},{"bot":"Bingbot (Copilot)","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; bingbot/2.0; 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On pages carrying exact facts, state those facts in the block as well as in the words, and keep the two in step. On narrative pages, an identity block naming the organisation is enough.","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. 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Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/17.5 Safari/605.1.15","ok":true,"ms":903,"status":200,"error":null,"cert_block":false,"at":"15:39:06.835"},{"engine":"Chrome","platform":"PC","ua":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","ok":true,"ms":454,"status":200,"error":null,"cert_block":false,"at":"15:39:09.604"}],"tls_cert":{"valid_system":true,"valid_strict":true,"error":null,"issuer":"C=GB, O=Sectigo Limited, CN=Sectigo Public Server Authentication CA OV R36","subject":"C=GB, ST=London, O=University Of Westminster, CN=www.westminster.ac.uk","not_before":"May  1 00:00:00 2026 GMT","not_after":"Nov 15 23:59:59 2026 GMT","days_left":60},"finished_at":"2026-09-16 15:39:10 UTC"}}},{"check":"DS14","result":"pass","evidence":"the address answers directly, with no redirect on the way"},{"check":"MX01","result":"pass","evidence":"the site started answering in 30ms, well within the time a reader waits"},{"check":"MX03","result":"pass","evidence":"total fetch 34ms"},{"check":"MX04","result":"pass","evidence":"the page weighs 42 KB, within the size a reader takes in whole"},{"check":"DS06","result":"pass","evidence":"no noindex directives"},{"check":"DS17","result":"pass","evidence":"the page states a preferred address for itself"},{"check":"DS18","result":"pass","evidence":"1 preferred-address tags"},{"check":"DS22","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads the links between a page's language versions"},{"check":"CT05","result":"pass","evidence":"title: \"Course Search | University of Westminster\""},{"check":"CT06","result":"pass","evidence":"title length 41 chars"},{"check":"CT31","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no description of itself in its head","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page was read for a description tag.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT08","result":"pass","evidence":"21 heading tags found"},{"check":"CT09","result":"pass","evidence":"0 skipped heading level(s) in document order"},{"check":"CT10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page states its subject in a main heading"},{"check":"CT11","result":"pass","evidence":"single or no H1"},{"check":"CT12","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content, navigation, header, footer"},{"check":"MS11","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content"},{"check":"CT16","result":"fail","evidence":"this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them","band":"moderate","note":"WHAT WAS LOOKED FOR. A short block of machine-readable detail in the page saying what the page is and what it holds: the organisation, the product, the event, the address, the hours, the price. It is separate from the words on the page and is meant to state the same things plainly enough to be taken as given.\n\nWHY IT MATTERS MORE ON SOME PAGES THAN OTHERS. Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, a telephone number, leaving them in prose means they are worked out from the wording, and that is where a wrong branch, an old price or a stale date come from. Where a page is narrative, little is lost: ordinary prose reads well, and this stands as tidiness rather than a fault.\n\nWHAT THIS DOES NOT CLAIM. This is a statement about your page, not a measurement of any answer given about you. Nothing here records an AI stating something wrong because the block was absent; what is recorded is that the facts on this page have to be inferred rather than read.\n\nWHAT TO DO. On pages carrying exact facts, state those facts in the block as well as in the words, and keep the two in step. On narrative pages, an identity block naming the organisation is enough.","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The page was read for a short block of machine-readable detail saying what it is. The page's own words carry a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT04","result":"warning","evidence":"the page shows the year 2027 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"4126 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (1449 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-footercoursesearchbutton\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer__buttons\"><a class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon\" href=\"/course-search\">Find a course <span class=\"icon-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class=\"nav-footer\" aria-label=\"Footer main menu\" id=\"block-footerleft\"><div class=\"footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section\">Main</div><ul class=\"footer__content-links\"><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/study\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/15536\">Study</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/business-services\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/32591\">Business services</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/news\" data-…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 1449 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 3 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads the text descriptions given to pictures"},{"check":"MS08","result":"fail","evidence":"6 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “postgraduate”, “short courses”, “undergraduate accounting and business management ba honours” and 3 more; the links are listed in the view","band":"moderate","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"/study/postgraduate\"><span>Postgraduate</span></a>","label":"\"Postgraduate\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/course-search?f%5B0%5D=course_type%3A26&amp;f%5B1%5D=course_type%3A926\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-drupal-facet-item-id=\"course-type-26\" data-drupal-facet-item-value=\"26\" data-drupal-facet-item-count=\"257\" data-drupal-facet-filter-value=\"course_type:26\" data-drupal-facet-widget-element-class=\"facets-checkbox\"><span …","label":"\"Postgraduate\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/course-search?f[0]=course_type%3A3551\">Short courses</a>","label":"\"Short courses\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/course-search?f%5B0%5D=course_type%3A926&amp;f%5B1%5D=course_type%3A3551\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-drupal-facet-item-id=\"course-type-3551\" data-drupal-facet-item-value=\"3551\" data-drupal-facet-item-count=\"85\" data-drupal-facet-filter-value=\"course_type:3551\" data-drupal-facet-widget-element-class=\"facets-checkbox\"…","label":"\"Short courses\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/accounting-and-finance-business-and-management-courses/2026-27/september/full-time/accounting-and-business-management-ba-honours\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listing\">Accounting and…","label":"\"Undergraduate Accounting and Business Ma\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/accounting-and-finance-business-and-management-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/accounting-and-business-management-ba-honours\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listing\">Accounting and…","label":"\"Undergraduate Accounting and Business Ma\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/accounting-and-finance-courses/2026-27/september/full-time/accounting-and-finance-bsc-honours\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listing\">Accounting and Finance</h3> <span class=\"details-…","label":"\"Undergraduate Accounting and Finance BSc\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/accounting-and-finance-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/accounting-and-finance-bsc-honours\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listing\">Accounting and Finance</h3> <span class=\"details-…","label":"\"Undergraduate Accounting and Finance BSc\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/art-design-and-visual-culture-film-and-television-media-and-communication-courses/2026-27/september/full-time/animation-with-foundation-ba-honours\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listi…","label":"\"Undergraduate Animation with Foundation \""},{"code":"<a href=\"/art-design-and-visual-culture-film-and-television-media-and-communication-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/animation-with-foundation-ba-honours\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Undergraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listi…","label":"\"Undergraduate Animation with Foundation \""}],"more":2}},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how video, audio and pictures are named"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. It is listed in the view","readiness_value":0.9,"note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.","band":"low","link_broken":0,"link_blocked":1,"link_ok":6,"proof":{"kind":"links","title":"The external links checked on this page, with the status each returned","note":"A link that fails here fails in one of two ways, and the report names them apart. A DEAD link answers, when the page is asked for in full, that the page is not there. An AI-BLOCKED link points at a page that is still published and opens for a person in a browser, but the destination refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. Opening such a link by hand proves only the human route; this assessment reflects the AI position, and from the AI position both classes land in the same place: the material this page offers as its support does not come back when it is asked for.\n\nThe consequence is not a matter of tidiness. Where a link carries the weight of a claim, a figure, a policy or a regulatory statement, and the target does not open, the support behind that claim is missing at the moment it is needed. Three things follow, and each of them costs the organisation. The same fact gets taken from somewhere else, which hands a third party control of how the claim is worded. Or the claim is treated as unsupported and set aside. Or an answer is drawn from what remains on the page, and a partial account is presented as a complete one. An AI-blocked link is the worst of the three, because the page still reads as though the evidence sits one step away, so the gap is invisible and the answer carries false confidence.\n\nAn AI-block on another site is still this site's matter to resolve, because this site chose to rest a claim on it. Three practical ways close it. Carry the fact being relied on in the page's own words, so the claim stands without the visit. Keep the reference but stop making it a link, showing the address as plain text, so nothing promises a route that does not open. Or point to a source that answers any reader. Where the reference has to stay live, say beside it what a reader will meet, so no one is sent to a closed door without warning.","items":[{"url":"https://universityofwestminster.sharepoint.com/","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.instagram.com/uniwestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.tiktok.com/@uniwestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/user/UniOfWestminster","status":200,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://www.linkedin.com/edu/university-of-westminster-12733","status":999,"cls":"blocked"},{"url":"https://www.facebook.com/UniOfWestminster","status":400,"cls":"ok"},{"url":"https://weibo.com/westminsterchina","status":200,"cls":"ok"}]}}],"calc_log":[{"check":"DS03","weight":5,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"DS14","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX01","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX03","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MX04","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS06","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS17","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS18","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT06","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT31","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"CT08","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT09","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT10","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT11","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT12","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS11","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT16","weight":3,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"CT04","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"AR01","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AR13","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT35","weight":3,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"CT36","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT24","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT13","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT14","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"CT15","weight":1,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"DS07","weight":5,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS01","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"AJ05","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS08","weight":3,"result":"fail","value":0.0},{"check":"MS10","weight":3,"result":"pass","value":1.0},{"check":"MS13","weight":1,"result":"warning","value":0.5},{"check":"MS14","weight":3,"result":"unable_to_determine","value":null},{"check":"AR23","weight":3,"result":"unable_to_determine","value":null},{"check":"DS28","weight":15,"result":"fail","value":0.9},{"check":"misinfo","weight":null,"result":"ceiling","value":37,"note":"measured 85.1 scaled into the misinformation exposure Very likely (63%) ceiling"}],"priority":25.6,"why":{"nav":false,"llms_txt":false,"structured_data":false,"homepage_link":true,"sitemap":false,"inlinks":5,"depth":1}},{"name":"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search?f[0]=course_type%3A26","kind":"page","readiness":31.5,"readiness_measured":85.1,"misinfo_pct":63,"readiness_ceiling":37,"readiness_ceiling_source":"misinformation exposure Very likely (63%)","confidence":94.9,"misinfo_band":"Very likely","misinfo_reason":"highest effective failing band: material","misinfo_drivers":[{"check":"DS03","name":"blocking at the front door","band":"material","result":"fail","evidence":"an AI crawler asking for this page is refused by the security layer in front of the site, while an ordinary browser is served, so the page's content never reaches the AI and answers about it are left to memory or guesswork","item":null},{"check":"CT16","name":"structured data presence","band":"moderate","result":"fail","evidence":"this page carries a telephone number, and states none of it in a form a machine can take as given, so those facts have to be worked out from the wording around them","item":null},{"check":"MS08","name":"duplicate link text, different destinations","band":"moderate","result":"fail","evidence":"5 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “postgraduate advanced legal research llm start date septembe”, “postgraduate ai, data and communication ma start date septem”, “postgraduate air transport planning and management msc start” and 2 more; the links are listed in the view","item":null},{"check":"CT35","name":"copyright year out of date","band":"low","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","item":null},{"check":"DS28","name":"external link integrity (density)","band":"low","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. 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A short block of machine-readable detail in the page saying what the page is and what it holds: the organisation, the product, the event, the address, the hours, the price. It is separate from the words on the page and is meant to state the same things plainly enough to be taken as given.\n\nWHY IT MATTERS MORE ON SOME PAGES THAN OTHERS. Where a page carries exact facts, an address, opening hours, a price, a date, a telephone number, leaving them in prose means they are worked out from the wording, and that is where a wrong branch, an old price or a stale date come from. Where a page is narrative, little is lost: ordinary prose reads well, and this stands as tidiness rather than a fault.\n\nWHAT THIS DOES NOT CLAIM. This is a statement about your page, not a measurement of any answer given about you. Nothing here records an AI stating something wrong because the block was absent; what is recorded is that the facts on this page have to be inferred rather than read.\n\nWHAT TO DO. 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The page's own words carry a telephone number, which is why this weighs as it does.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT04","result":"warning","evidence":"the page shows the year 2027 in its text, but nothing on the page states it as the date of the content","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The head of this page, as served","note":"The head of the page was read for a tag stating the date of the content. The year shown above was found in the page's own text.","items":[{"code":"<head> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'} );var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRR2RJ');</script><meta charset=\"utf-8\"/><link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https://www.westminster.ac.uk/course-search\"/><meta name=\"Generator\" content=\"Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)\"/><meta name=\"MobileOptimized\" content=\"width\"/><meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"/><link rel=\"icon\" href=\"/themes/uow_theme/favicon.ico\" type=\"image/vnd.microsoft.icon\"/><title>Course Search | University of Westminster</title><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_rQGRdN20kbEKUSa1rv5Lxj6cyHpTvbBghuwCDHzq93E.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=uow_theme&amp;include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpzS-PL8lIzU3VT8_JT0rM0S0uqczJzEvXKctMLS_WB5N6ufkppTmpAF8rFas\"/><link rel=\"stylesheet\" media=\"all\" href=\"/sites/default/public-files/css/css_tmvCPFjQLMqhcKad7G…","label":""}]}},{"check":"AR01","result":"pass","evidence":"4184 characters of extractable text in the raw HTML"},{"check":"AR13","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its main content (1502 characters)"},{"check":"CT35","result":"warning","evidence":"the page carries no copyright line in the content as served, so there is nothing on it to date it by, and an absent copyright line is one of the marks of a copied template","band":"low","proof":{"kind":"markup","extracted":true,"title":"The foot of this page, as served","note":"The foot of the page was read for a copyright line.","items":[{"code":"<footer class=\"footer\" role=\"contentinfo\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"region region-footer\"> <section id=\"block-footercoursesearchbutton\" class=\"block block-block-content block-block-content3d519659-fb1a-4ecf-b8db-402a464437c0 clearfix\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"footer__buttons\"><a class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm btn-icon\" href=\"/course-search\">Find a course <span class=\"icon-search\" aria-hidden=\"true\"/> </a></div></div> </section><nav class=\"nav-footer\" aria-label=\"Footer main menu\" id=\"block-footerleft\"><div class=\"footer__content-links-link footer__content-links-link--section\">Main</div><ul class=\"footer__content-links\"><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/study\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/15536\">Study</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/international\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/13101\">International</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/research\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/38706\">Research</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/business-services\" data-drupal-link-system-path=\"node/32591\">Business services</a></li><li class=\"footer__content-links-item\"> <a href=\"/news\" data-…","label":""}]}},{"check":"CT36","result":"pass","evidence":"no content on the page is marked against quotation"},{"check":"CT24","result":"pass","evidence":"the page's own content runs to 1502 characters"},{"check":"CT13","result":"pass","evidence":"main content is the dominant extractable text"},{"check":"CT14","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its navigation"},{"check":"CT15","result":"pass","evidence":"the page marks out its footer"},{"check":"DS07","result":"pass","evidence":"no soft-404 signature in the served content"},{"check":"MS01","result":"pass","evidence":"all 3 boxes in the page's forms carry a name saying what each is for"},{"check":"AJ07","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how a form reports an error against the box it belongs to"},{"check":"MS05","result":"pass","evidence":"no role-less scripted controls detected"},{"check":"AJ05","result":"pass","evidence":"the page offers site search: a region marked as search"},{"check":"MS06","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads the text descriptions given to pictures"},{"check":"MS08","result":"fail","evidence":"5 link wording(s) are used for more than one destination, so the same words point at different pages: “postgraduate advanced legal research llm start date septembe”, “postgraduate ai, data and communication ma start date septem”, “postgraduate air transport planning and management msc start” and 2 more; the links are listed in the view","band":"moderate","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"Links that share the same text but point to different destinations, as served","items":[{"code":"<a href=\"/study/undergraduate\"><span>Undergraduate</span></a>","label":"\"Undergraduate\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/course-search?f%5B0%5D=course_type%3A26&amp;f%5B1%5D=course_type%3A926\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-drupal-facet-item-id=\"course-type-926\" data-drupal-facet-item-value=\"926\" data-drupal-facet-item-count=\"399\" data-drupal-facet-filter-value=\"course_type:926\" data-drupal-facet-widget-element-class=\"facets-checkbox\"><sp…","label":"\"Undergraduate\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/course-search?f[0]=course_type%3A3551\">Short courses</a>","label":"\"Short courses\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/course-search?f%5B0%5D=course_type%3A26&amp;f%5B1%5D=course_type%3A3551\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-drupal-facet-item-id=\"course-type-3551\" data-drupal-facet-item-value=\"3551\" data-drupal-facet-item-count=\"85\" data-drupal-facet-filter-value=\"course_type:3551\" data-drupal-facet-widget-element-class=\"facets-checkbox\">…","label":"\"Short courses\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/law-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/advanced-legal-research-llm\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listing\">Advanced Legal Research</h3> <span class=\"details-pane__results-type\">LLM </…","label":"\"Postgraduate Advanced Legal Research LLM\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/law-courses/2027-28/september/part-time-day/advanced-legal-research-llm\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listing\">Advanced Legal Research</h3> <span class=\"details-pane__results-type\">LL…","label":"\"Postgraduate Advanced Legal Research LLM\""},{"code":"<a href=\"/computer-science-and-engineering-data-science-and-informatics-media-and-communication-courses/2027-28/september/full-time/ai-data-and-communication-ma\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-li…","label":"\"Postgraduate AI, Data and Communication \""},{"code":"<a href=\"/computer-science-and-engineering-data-science-and-informatics-media-and-communication-courses/2027-28/september/part-time-day-evening/ai-data-and-communication-ma\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3-…","label":"\"Postgraduate AI, Data and Communication \""},{"code":"<a href=\"/transport-and-logistics-courses/2026-27/january/block-release/air-transport-planning-and-management-msc\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listing\">Air Transport Planning and Management</h…","label":"\"Postgraduate Air Transport Planning and \""},{"code":"<a href=\"/transport-and-logistics-courses/2027-28/september/block-release/air-transport-planning-and-management-msc\"><div class=\"details-pane\"><div class=\"details-pane__results-header\"> <span class=\"details-pane__results-level\"> Postgraduate </span><h3 class=\"h3--featured-listing\">Air Transport Planning and Management<…","label":"\"Postgraduate Air Transport Planning and \""}],"more":2}},{"check":"MS10","result":"pass","evidence":"the page begins with its top-level heading"},{"check":"MS12","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads tables, where a page sets out data in rows and columns"},{"check":"MS13","result":"warning","evidence":"2 of 2 iframes untitled","proof":{"kind":"markup","title":"The iframes with no title attribute, as served","items":[{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ"},{"code":"<iframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&amp;nojscript=true\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"/>","label":"src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRR2RJ&nojscript=true"}]}},{"check":"MS14","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service, whose captions and transcript are held by that service and cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"AR23","result":"unable_to_determine","evidence":"the page embeds a video hosted by another service; whether a transcript is offered in its player cannot be read from this page"},{"check":"MS15","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads audio, where a page carries it"},{"check":"MS16","result":"not_applicable","evidence":"this check reads how video, audio and pictures are named"},{"check":"DS28","result":"fail","evidence":"one link to sources on other sites is AI-blocked: the page opens for a person in a browser, but the site refuses callers that are not a person browsing, so an AI never receives it. 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